ArticleStem cells and development2014
Mouse embryonic stem cells have underdeveloped antiviral mechanisms that can be exploited for the development of mRNA-mediated gene expression strategy.
Article in Stem cells and development, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Attenuated innate immunity in embryonic stem cells: mechanisms and therapeutic applications.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- The Generation of Genetically Engineered Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Overexpressing IFN-β for Future Experimental and Clinically Oriented Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Mouse Trophoblast Cells Have Attenuated Responses to TNF-α and IFN-γ and Can Avoid Synergic Cytotoxicity of the Two Cytokines.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Mouse Trophoblast Cells Can Provide IFN-Based Antiviral Protection to Embryonic Stem Cells via Paracrine Signaling.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Dicer and PKR as Novel Regulators of Embryonic Stem Cell Fate and Antiviral Innate Immunity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Review
- Novel function ofIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021Article
- Pluripotent stem cells are insensitive to the cytotoxicity of TNFα and IFNγ.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2020Article
- The underdeveloped innate immunity in embryonic stem cells: The molecular basis and biological perspectives from early embryogenesis.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2019Article
- The Molecular Basis for the Lack of Inflammatory Responses in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells and Their Differentiated Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Utilization of different anti-viral mechanisms by mammalian embryonic stem cells and differentiated cells.Immunology and cell biology · 2017Review
- Development of Antiviral Innate Immunity During In Vitro Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells.Stem cells and development · 2016Article
- Attenuated Innate Immunity in Embryonic Stem Cells and Its Implications in Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine.Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2015Review
- Antiviral responses in mouse embryonic stem cells: differential development of cellular mechanisms in type I interferon production and response.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Dicer represses the interferon response and the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase pathway in mouse embryonic stem cells.The Journal of biological chemistryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We have recently reported that mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are deficient in expressing type I interferons (IFN) when exposed to viral infection and double-stranded RNA. In this study, we extended our investigation and demonstrated that single-stranded RNA and protein-encoding mRNA can induce strong IFN expression and cytotoxicity in fibroblasts and epithelial cells, but none of the effects associated with these antiviral responses were observed in mESCs. Our results provided additional data to support the conclusion that mESCs are intrinsically deficient in antiviral responses. While our findings represent a novel feature of mESCs that in itself is important for understanding innate immunity development, we exploited this property to develop a novel mRNA-mediated gene expression cell model. Direct introduction of synthetic mRNA to express desired genes has been shown as an effective alternative to DNA/viral vector-based gene expression. However, a major biological challenge is that a synthetic mRNA is detected as a viral RNA analog by the host cell, resulting in a series of adverse effects associated with antiviral responses. We demonstrate that the lack of antiviral responses in mESCs effectively avoids this problem. mESCs can tolerate repeated transfection and effectively express proteins from their synthetic mRNA with expected biological functions, as demonstrated by the expression of green fluorescent protein and the transcription factor Etv2. Therefore, mRNA-based gene expression could be developed into a novel ESC differentiation strategy that avoids safety concerns associated with viral/DNA-based vectors in regenerative medicine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.