ReviewCurrent eye research2014
In vivo confocal microscopy of the ocular surface: from bench to bedside.
Review in Current eye research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Individual cell motion in healthy human skin microvasculature by reflectance confocal video microscopy.Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) · 2020Trial
- Trans-conjunctival aqueous humor outflow in glaucomatous patients treated with prostaglandin analogues: an in vivo confocal microscopy study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2014Trial
- Beyond the surface: a comprehensive review of corneal endotheliitis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Corneal Stromal Microdots in Dry Eye Disease: Clinical Characterization and Associations With Corneal Nerve Parameters.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- In vivo corneal microscopy: from image to insight - where are we going?Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence for Diagnostic Guidance in Ocular Surface Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Corneal Nerve Images in Ophthalmology.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- DecodingAcute GVHD: The role of serum biomarkers and imaging in diagnosis and management.Blood reviews · 2025Review
- Transmission interference microscopy of anterior human eye.Nature communications · 2025Article
- CORONIS symposium 2023: Scientific and clinical frontiers in ocular surface innervation.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Article
- Subclinical corneal inflammation and subbasal nerve alterations in keratoconus detected by in vivo confocal microscopy: a cross-sectional study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Use of in vivo confocal microscopy in suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis: a 12-year real-world data study at a Swedish regional referral center.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2024Article
- The anterior chamber of the eye technology and its anatomical, optical, and immunological bases.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- Cellular structural and functional imaging of donor and pathological corneas with label-free dual-mode full-field optical coherence tomography.Biomedical optics express · 2024Article
- Understanding Acanthamoeba Keratitis: An In-Depth Review of a Sight-Threatening Eye Infection.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Updates in Diagnostic Imaging for Infectious Keratitis: A Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- How Can We Best Diagnose Severity Levels of Dry Eye Disease: Current Perspectives.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Review
- Evaluation of Corneal Alterations After Short-Term Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens Use by Confocal Microscopy.Turkish journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Evaluation of in vitro activity of five antimicrobial agents on Acanthamoeba isolates and their toxicity on human corneal epithelium.Eye (London, England) · 2022Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is an emerging technology that provides minimally invasive, high resolution, steady-state assessment of the ocular surface at the cellular level. Several challenges still remain but, at present, IVCM may be considered a promising technique for clinical diagnosis and management. This mini-review summarizes some key findings in IVCM of the ocular surface, focusing on recent and promising attempts to move "from bench to bedside". IVCM allows prompt diagnosis, disease course follow-up, and management of potentially blinding atypical forms of infectious processes, such as acanthamoeba and fungal keratitis. This technology has improved our knowledge of corneal alterations and some of the processes that affect the visual outcome after lamellar keratoplasty and excimer keratorefractive surgery. In dry eye disease, IVCM has provided new information on the whole-ocular surface morphofunctional unit. It has also improved understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms and helped in the assessment of prognosis and treatment. IVCM is particularly useful in the study of corneal nerves, enabling description of the morphology, density, and disease- or surgically induced alterations of nerves, particularly the subbasal nerve plexus. In glaucoma, IVCM constitutes an important aid to evaluate filtering blebs, to better understand the conjunctival wound healing process, and to assess corneal changes induced by topical antiglaucoma medications and their preservatives. IVCM has significantly enhanced our understanding of the ocular response to contact lens wear. It has provided new perspectives at a cellular level on a wide range of contact lens complications, revealing findings that were not previously possible to image in the living human eye. The final section of this mini-review provides a focus on advances in confocal microscopy imaging. These include 2D wide-field mapping, 3D reconstruction of the cornea and automated image analysis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.