ArticleThe Plant cell2013
A γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase protects Arabidopsis plants from heavy metal toxicity by recycling glutamate to maintain glutathione homeostasis.
Article in The Plant cell, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification and characterization of low-sulfur-inducible genes and pathways in roots of upland and lowland rice grown under hydroponic and soil conditions.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Article
- Circadian clock-related transcription factors Reveille 1 and Reveille 8 regulate the O-acetylserine cluster genes and sulfur homeostasis.Plant physiology · 2026Article
- The multiple roles of Ggt1-Cre in the generation of transgenic mice.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Article
- Transcriptional profiling of glutathione metabolism and the glutathione redox cycle ofFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Inhibition of rhizobial cheaters by the host Medicago truncatula involves repression of symbiotic functions and induction of defense.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of GGCT genes in u's triangle Brassica species: insights into abiotic stress responses and potential association of BnaGGCT11/26 with seed weight.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal Adaptations-Driven Dynamic Thra Activation Simulates a Skin Wound Healing Response.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The strategic breakdown: CHAC enzymes as regulators of glutathione homeostasis and disease implications.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
- Mitigating toxic metals contamination in foods: Bridging knowledge gaps for addressing food safety.Trends in food science & technology · 2024Article
- Overexpression of bacterial γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase increases toxic metal(loid)s tolerance and accumulation in Crambe abyssinica.Plant cell reports · 2024Article
- Unlocking the potential of nanoscale sulfur in sustainable agriculture.Chemical science · 2024Review
- Plasma membrane intrinsic protein OsPIP2;6 is involved in root-to-shoot arsenic translocation in rice (Oryza sativa L.).Plant cell reports · 2024Article
- Genome-wide identification and analysis of the GGCT gene family in wheat.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Overexpression of gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase 2;1 (CsGGCT2;1) reduces arsenic toxicity and accumulation in Camelina sativa (L.).Plant cell reports · 2023Article
- Functional Group Properties and Position Drive Differences in Xenobiotic Plant Uptake Rates, but Metabolism Shares a Similar Pathway.Environmental science & technology letters · 2023Article
- New insights into the regulation of plant metabolism by O-acetylserine: sulfate and beyond.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Article
- Application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing for abiotic stress management in crop plants.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- The Plant Metabolic Changes and the Physiological and Signaling Functions in the Responses to Abiotic Stress.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Characterization of γ-glutamyltransferase- and phytochelatin synthase-mediated catabolism of glutathione and glutathionePlant biotechnology (Tokyo, Japan) · 2022Article
- AIG2A and AIG2B limit the activation of salicylic acid-regulated defenses by tryptophan-derived secondary metabolism in Arabidopsis.The Plant cell · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plants detoxify toxic metals through a GSH-dependent pathway. GSH homeostasis is maintained by the γ-glutamyl cycle, which involves GSH synthesis and degradation and the recycling of component amino acids. The enzyme γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase (GGCT) is involved in Glu recycling, but the gene(s) encoding GGCT has not been identified in plants. Here, we report that an Arabidopsis thaliana protein with a cation transport regulator-like domain, hereafter referred to as GGCT2;1, functions as γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase. Heterologous expression of GGCT2;1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced phenotypes that were consistent with decreased GSH content attributable to either GSH degradation or the diversion of γ-glutamyl peptides to produce 5-oxoproline (5-OP). 5-OP levels were further increased by the addition of arsenite and GSH to the medium, indicating that GGCT2;1 participates in the cellular response to arsenic (As) via GSH degradation. Recombinant GGCT2;1 converted both GSH and γ-glutamyl Ala to 5-OP in vitro. GGCT2;1 transcripts were upregulated in As-treated Arabidopsis, and ggct2;1 knockout mutants were more tolerant to As and cadmium than the wild type. Overexpression of GGCT2;1 in Arabidopsis resulted in the accumulation of 5-OP. Under As toxicity, the overexpression lines showed minimal changes in de novo Glu synthesis, while the ggct2;1 mutant increased nitrogen assimilation by severalfold, resulting in a very low As/N ratio in tissue. Thus, our results suggest that GGCT2;1 ensures sufficient GSH turnover during abiotic stress by recycling Glu.
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