ArticleCancers2011
Sputum-based molecular biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer: limitations and promise.
Article in Cancers, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Seasonal impact of PMScientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Liquid biopsies based on DNA methylation as biomarkers for the detection and prognosis of lung cancer.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Review
- Sputum-based DNA methylation biomarkers to guide lung cancer screening decisions.Journal of thoracic disease · 2017Article
- Altered phosphatidylcholines expression in sputum for diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Quantification of mutant alleles in circulating tumor DNA can predict survival in lung cancer.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Sticking to basics pays even today: Diagnosis of adenocarcinoma lung on sputum examination in patient reluctant to undergo biopsy - Providing opportunity for targeted therapy for palliation if not early detection.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest SocietyArticle
- Altered miR-223 Expression in Sputum for Diagnosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Avicenna journal of medical biotechnologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, with an overall survival of 15% at five years. Biomarkers that can sensitively and specifically detect lung cancer at early stage are crucial for improving this poor survival rate. Sputum has been the target for the discovery of non-invasive biomarkers for lung cancer because it contains airway epithelial cells, and molecular alterations identified in sputum are most likely to reflect tumor-associated changes or field cancerization caused by smoking in the lung. Sputum-based molecular biomarkers include morphology, allelic imbalance, promoter hypermethylation, gene mutations and, recently, differential miRNA expression. To improve the sensitivity and reproducibility of sputum-based biomarkers, we recommend standardization of processing protocols, bronchial epithelial cell enrichment, and identification of field cancerization biomarkers.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.