ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2013
DNA from dead cancer cells induces TLR9-mediated invasion and inflammation in living cancer cells.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Mesothelioma: Drivers of Inflammation and Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cell-Free DNA (cfDNA), Its Applications in Cancer Diagnosis and Monitoring, and Its Potential Role in Regulating Cancer Metabolism.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Overcoming Immune Therapy Resistance in Cancer Through Innate Immune Reprogramming.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Increased amounts of cell-free DNA released from a culture with a high content of cancer stem cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- TLR9: A Double-Dealing Toll-Like Receptor.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Human papillomavirus E6 alters Toll-like receptor 9 transcripts and chemotherapy responses in breast cancer cells in vitro.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Innate immune sensing of cell death in disease and therapeutics.Nature cell biology · 2024Review
- Toll-like receptors in health and disease.MedComm · 2024Review
- Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Nanocarriers Inhibit Chemotherapy-Induced Breast Cancer Metastasis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in hepatocellular carcinoma are enriched in oxidized mitochondrial DNA which is highly pro-inflammatory and pro-metastatic.Journal of Cancer · 2022Article
- Breast cancer-derived DAMPs enhance cell invasion and metastasis, while nucleic acid scavengers mitigate these effects.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2021Article
- The role of extracellular DNA (exDNA) in cellular processes.Cancer biology & therapy · 2021Review
- Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Breast Cancer: Searching for Hidden Information towards Precision Medicine.Cancers · 2021Review
- Increased neutrophil extracellular traps promote metastasis potential of hepatocellular carcinoma via provoking tumorous inflammatory response.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2020Article
- Modified Genomic Self-DNA Influences In Vitro Survival of HT29 Tumor Cells via TLR9- and Autophagy Signaling.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2019Article
- Advances in liquid biopsy using circulating tumor cells and circulating cell-free tumor DNA for detection and monitoring of breast cancer.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2019Review
- Characterization of the release and biological significance of cell-free DNA from breast cancer cell lines.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Lower frequency of TLR9 variant associated with protection from breast cancer among African Americans.PloS one · 2017Article
- Cell membrane and intracellular expression of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in colorectal cancer and breast cancer cell-lines.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
TLR9 is a cellular DNA-receptor, which is widely expressed in breast and other cancers. Although synthetic TLR9-ligands induce cancer cell invasion in vitro, the role of TLR9 in cancer pathophysiology has remained unclear. We show here that living cancer cells uptake DNA from chemotherapy-killed cancer cells. We discovered that such DNA induces TLR9- and cathepsin-mediated invasion in living cancer cells. To study whether this phenomenon contributes to treatment responses, triple-negative, human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells stably expressing control, or TLR9 siRNA were inoculated orthotopically into nude mice. The mice were treated with vehicle or doxorubicin. The tumor groups exhibited equal decreases in size in response to doxorubicin. However, while the weights of vehicle-treated mice were similar, mice bearing control siRNA tumors became significantly more cachectic in response to doxorubicin, as compared with similarly treated mice bearing TLR9 siRNA tumors, suggesting a TLR9-mediated inflammation at the site of the tumor. In conclusion, our findings propose that DNA released from chemotherapy-killed cancer cells has significant influence on TLR9-mediated biological effects in living cancer cells. Through these mechanisms, tumor TLR9 expression may affect treatment responses to chemotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.