ArticleThe Journal of infection2014
Detection of viral and bacterial pathogens in acute respiratory infections.
Article in The Journal of infection, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Respiratory Specimen Collection Trial (ReSpeCT): A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Quality and Timeliness of Respiratory Sample Collection in the Home by Parents and Healthcare Workers From Children Aged <2 Years.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2020Trial
- Exploratory study on blood and urine transcriptomes for identifying miRNA biomarkers in pediatric febrile bacterial and viral infections.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Respiratory pathogens in infants and young children with acute respiratory illness: a prospective cohort study, China, 2023-2024.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 Nonpharmaceutical Interventions onOpen forum infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Attitudes, knowledge, and willingness to be vaccinated against seasonal influenza among patients hospitalized with influenza-like-illness: impact of diagnostic testing.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
- Surveillance of respiratory viruses among children attending a primary school in rural coastal Kenya.Wellcome open research · 2020Article
- Cost Impact Model of a Novel Multi-mRNA Host Response Assay for Diagnosis and Risk Assessment of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections and Sepsis in the Emergency Department.Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2020Article
- Viral Mimetic-Induced Inflammation Abolishes Q-Pathway, but Not S-Pathway, Respiratory Motor Plasticity in Adult Rats.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Viral and Bacterial Etiologies of Acute Respiratory Infections Among Children Under 5 Years in Senegal.Microbiology insights · 2018Article
- Serum IFN-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) as a biomarker for severity of acute respiratory infection in healthy adults.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2017Article
- Understanding the culture of antimicrobial prescribing in agriculture: a qualitative study of UK pig veterinary surgeons.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Changing the Antibiotic Prescribing of general practice registrars: the ChAP study protocol for a prospective controlled study of a multimodal educational intervention.BMC family practice · 2016Article
- Burden and viral aetiology of influenza-like illness and acute respiratory infection in intensive care units.Microbes and infection · 2016Article
- Does virus-bacteria coinfection increase the clinical severity of acute respiratory infection?Journal of medical virology · 2015Article
- Development of two real-time multiplex PCR assays for the detection and quantification of eight key bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2015Article
- Normal clinical electroretinography parameters for poodle, Labrador retriever, Thai ridgeback, and Thai Bangkaew.Journal of veterinary science · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe role of bacteria in acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) of adults and interactions with viral infections is incompletely understood. This study tested the hypothesis that bacterial co-infection during ARI adds to airway inflammation and illness severity.
methodsTwo groups of 97 specimens each were randomly selected from multiplex-PCR identified virus-positive and virus-negative nasal specimens obtained from adults with new onset ARI, and 40 control specimens were collected from healthy adults. All specimens were analyzed for Haemophilus influenzae(HI), Moraxella catarrhalis(MC) and Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP) by quantitative-PCR. General linear models tested for relationships between respiratory pathogens, biomarkers (nasal wash neutrophils and CXCL8), and ARI-severity.
resultsNasal specimens from adults with ARIs were more likely to contain bacteria (37% overall; HI = 28%, MC = 14%, SP = 7%) compared to specimens from healthy adults (5% overall; HI = 0%, MC = 2.5%, SP = 2.5%; p < 0.001). Among ARI specimens, bacteria were more likely to be detected among virus-negative specimens compared to virus-positive specimens (46% vs. 27%; p = 0.0046). The presence of bacteria was significantly associated with increased CXCL8 and neutrophils, but not increased symptoms.
conclusionPathogenic bacteria were more often detected in virus-negative ARI, and also associated with increased inflammatory biomarkers. These findings suggest the possibility that bacteria may augment virus-induced ARI and contribute to airway inflammation.
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