ArticleNeuron2013
Spike-timing-dependent plasticity in primate corticospinal connections induced during free behavior.
Article in Neuron, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of brain-computer interface based training on post-stroke upper-limb rehabilitation: a meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Paired associative stimulation improves outcomes when applied at the subacute stage after incomplete cervical spinal cord injury.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Trial
- MEG-BMI to Control Phantom Limb Pain.Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2018Trial
- Induced sensorimotor brain plasticity controls pain in phantom limb patients.Nature communications · 2016Trial
- Engineering Neuronal Network Connectivity Through Precise and Scalable Electrical Modulation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Motor Recovery After a Hemispherectomy: Review of Mechanisms and the Potential of Neuromodulation to Enhance Motor Outcomes.Journal of child neurology · 2026Review
- Review
- Non-invasive closed-loop spinal stimulation restores leg stepping control in humans with paraplegia.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Advances in Bionic Therapies for Targeting Neural Circuit Reconstruction and Integration for Spinal Cord Injury.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Combining cortical and spinal stimulation maximizes the improvement of gait after spinal cord injury.iScience · 2025Article
- Synaptic alterations in pyramidal cells following genetic manipulation of neuronal excitability in monkey prefrontal cortex.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Future spinal reflex is embedded in primary motor cortex output.Science advances · 2024Article
- Review
- Timing-dependent synergies between motor cortex and posterior spinal stimulation in humans.The Journal of physiology · 2024Article
- The evolution of neuromodulation for chronic stroke: From neuroplasticity mechanisms to brain-computer interfaces.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024Review
- Personalized strategies of neurostimulation: from static biomarkers to dynamic closed-loop assessment of neural function.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Closing the loop in psychiatric deep brain stimulation: physiology, psychometrics, and plasticity.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Enhanced selectivity of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation by multielectrode configuration.Journal of neural engineering · 2023Article
- Article
- Electrical stimulation methods and protocols for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: a critical review of preclinical research.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Review
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Motor learning and functional recovery from brain damage involve changes in the strength of synaptic connections between neurons. Relevant in vivo evidence on the underlying cellular mechanisms remains limited and indirect. We found that the strength of neural connections between motor cortex and spinal cord in monkeys can be modified with an autonomous recurrent neural interface that delivers electrical stimuli in the spinal cord triggered by action potentials of corticospinal cells during free behavior. The activity-dependent stimulation modified the strength of the terminal connections of single corticomotoneuronal cells, consistent with a bidirectional spike-timing-dependent plasticity rule previously derived from in vitro experiments. For some cells, the changes lasted for days after the end of conditioning, but most effects eventually reverted to preconditioning levels. These results provide direct evidence of corticospinal synaptic plasticity in vivo at the level of single neurons induced by normal firing patterns during free behavior.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.