ArticleComparative medicine2013
The hidden cost of housing practices: using noninvasive imaging to quantify the metabolic demands of chronic cold stress of laboratory mice.
Article in Comparative medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conventional laboratory housing increases morbidity and mortality in research rodents: results of a meta-analysis.BMC biology · 2022Pooled it
- ParabrachialiScience · 2025Article
- Research on Energy Supply Optimization of Diets for Songliao Black Growing and Fattening Pigs at a Low Ambient Temperature.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Infrared Thermography for Temperature Measurement in Adult Female C57BL/6NCrl Mice: A Comparison with Rectal Probe and Subcutaneous Transponder.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Article
- A bespoke water T-maze apparatus and protocol: an optimized, reliable, and repeatable method for screening learning, memory, and executive functioning in laboratory mice.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- A Review of the Effects of Some Extrinsic Factors on Mice Used in Research.Comparative medicine · 2023Review
- A modest change in housing temperature alters whole body energy expenditure and adipocyte thermogenic capacity in mice.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Spexin modulates molecular thermogenic profile of adipose tissue and thermoregulatory behaviors in female C57BL/6 mice.Hormones and behavior · 2022Article
- Using Mice to Model Human Disease: Understanding the Roles of Baseline Housing-Induced and Experimentally Imposed Stresses in Animal Welfare and Experimental Reproducibility.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Non-Invasive Assessment of Mild Stress-Induced Hyperthermia by Infrared Thermography in Laboratory Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- The confounding effects of sub-thermoneutral housing temperatures on aerobic exercise-induced adaptations in mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue.Biology letters · 2021Article
- The acidified drinking water-induced changes in the behavior and gut microbiota of wild-type mice depend on the acidification mode.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Identification of Sick or Dead Mice (Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2021Article
- The Skeletal Cellular and Molecular Underpinning of the Murine Hindlimb Unloading Model.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Synuclein Deficiency Results in Age-Related Respiratory and Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Mice.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Housing temperature influences exercise training adaptations in mice.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Review
- Thermoneutrality and Immunity: How Does Cold Stress Affect Disease?Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Changes in motor behavior, neuropathology, and gut microbiota of a Batten disease mouse model following administration of acidified drinking water.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Laboratory mice routinely are housed at 20 to 22 °C-well below the murine thermoneutral zone of 29 to 34 °C. Chronic cold stress requires greater energy expenditure to maintain core body temperature and can lead to the failure of mouse models to emulate human physiology. We hypothesized that mice housed at ambient temperatures of 20 to 22 °C are chronically cold-stressed, have greater energy expenditure, and have high glucose utilization in brown adipose tissue. To test our hypotheses, we used indirect calorimetry to measure energy expenditure and substrate utilization in C57BL/6J and Crl:NU-Foxn1(nu) nude mice at routine vivarium (21 °C), intermediate (26 °C), and heated (31 °C) housing temperatures. We also examined the activation of interscapular brown adipose tissue, the primary site of nonshivering thermogenesis, via thermography and glucose uptake in this region by using positron emission tomography. Energy expenditure of mice was significantly higher at routine vivarium temperatures compared with intermediate and heated temperatures and was associated with a shift in metabolism toward glucose utilization. Brown adipose tissue showed significant activation at routine vivarium and intermediate temperatures in both hirsuite and nude mice. Crl:NU-Foxn1(nu) mice experienced greater cold stress than did C57BL/6J mice. Our data indicate mice housed under routine vivarium conditions are chronically cold stress. This novel use of thermography can measure cold stress in laboratory mice housed in vivaria, a key advantage over classic metabolic measurement tools. Therefore, thermography is an ideal tool to evaluate novel husbandry practices designed to alleviate murine cold stress.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24210014PMC3796748W1784917345What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.