ArticleBMC health services research2013
How are population-based funding formulae for healthcare composed? A comparative analysis of seven models.
Article in BMC health services research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- What Interventions Work to Reduce Cost Barriers to Primary Healthcare in High-Income Countries? A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
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- Equity in the distribution of health resources and services in the West Bank, Palestine: a focus on hospitals and primary healthcare centers.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Adjusting primary-care funding by deprivation: a cross-sectional study of Lower layer Super Output Areas in England.BJGP open · 2025Article
- Pharmacogenomics to Improve Supportive Care Symptoms. A Prospective Observational Study Protocol.NIHR open research · 2025Article
- Improving equitable healthcare resource use: developing a neighbourhood district nurse needs index for staffing allocation.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Prediction of outpatient visits and expenditure under the Universal Coverage Scheme in Bangkok using subscriber's attributes: A random forest analysis.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Allocating resources to support universal health coverage: development of a geographical funding formula in Malawi.BMJ global health · 2020Article
- Methods to promote equity in health resource allocation in low- and middle-income countries: an overview.Globalization and health · 2020Review
- Equitable resourcing of primary health care in remote communities in Australia's Northern Territory: a pilot study.BMC family practice · 2017Article
- Modelo cuantitativo para mejorar el financiamiento de la atención primaria en Chile.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2017Article
- Article
- What variables should be considered in allocating Primary health care Pharmaceutical budgets to districts in Uganda?Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPopulation-based funding formulae act as an important means of promoting equitable health funding structures. To evaluate how policy makers in different jurisdictions construct health funding formulae and build an understanding of contextual influences underpinning formula construction we carried out a comparative analysis of key components of funding formulae across seven high-income and predominantly publically financed health systems: New Zealand, England, Scotland, the Netherlands, the state of New South Wales in Australia, the Canadian province of Ontario, and the city of Stockholm, Sweden.
methodsCore components from each formula were summarised and key similarities and differences evaluated from a compositional perspective. We categorised approaches to constructing funding formulae under three main themes: identifying factors which predict differential need amongst populations; adjusting for cost factors outside of needs factors; and engaging in normative correction of allocations for 'unmet' need.
resultsWe found significant congruence in the factors used to guide need and cost adjustments. However, there is considerable variation in interpretation and implementation of these factors.
conclusionDespite broadly similar frameworks, there are distinct differences in the composition of the formulae across the seven health systems. Ultimately, the development of funding formulae is a dynamic process, subject to availability of data reflecting health needs, the influence of wider socio-political objectives and health system determinants.
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