ArticlePloS one2013
Predictors of CD4:CD8 ratio normalization and its effect on health outcomes in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated interleukin levels are associated with higher severity and mortality in COVID 19 - A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Diabetes & metabolic syndromePooled it
- Short-Term Dietary Intervention with Cooked but Not RawNutrients · 2019Trial
- Factors Associated with CD4+/CD8+ Ratio Normalization in People Living with HIV During Long-Term ART.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- CD4/CD8 ratio trajectories and their impact on prognosis: a 15-year retrospective longitudinal cohort study of people living with HIV.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The effects of G1899 Korean red ginseng extract powder on long COVID for acute COVID19 infection: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Article
- The CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with T lymphocyte functions in long-term virally suppressed patients with HIV.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Central Nervous System Effects of Early HIV Infection and Consequences of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation during Acute HIV.Viruses · 2024Review
- Clinical markers of HIV predict redox-regulated neural and behavioral function in the sensorimotor system.Free radical biology & medicine · 2024Article
- CD4/CD8 Ratio Recovered as a Predictor of Decreased Liver Damage in Adults Infected With HIV: 16-Year Observational Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Observational
- Evaluation of Clinical Biomarkers Related to CD4 Recovery in HIV-Infected Patients-5-Year Observation.Viruses · 2022Article
- T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Sequencing and Its Applications: Focus on Infectious Diseases and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Investigating vascular diseases in people living with HIV by nuclear imaging.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2022Article
- Predictive value of CD8+ T cell and CD4/CD8 ratio at two years of successful ART in the risk of AIDS and non-AIDS events.EBioMedicine · 2022Article
- Long-term clinical, virological and immunological outcomes following planned treatment interruption in HIV-infected children.HIV medicine · 2021Article
- Increased CD4 : CD8 ratio normalization with implementation of current ART management guidelines.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Observational
- Impact of first-line antiretroviral therapy regimens on the restoration of the CD4/CD8 ratio in the CNICS cohort.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Compromised CD4:CD8 ratio recovery in people living with HIV aged over 50 years: an observational study.HIV medicine · 2020Observational
- Immune recovery in HIV-1 infected patients with sustained viral suppression under long-term antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2020Article
- Prefrontal gating of sensory input differentiates cognitively impaired and unimpaired aging adults with HIV.Brain communications · 2020Article
- An altered cytotoxic program of CD8+ T-cells in HIV-infected patients despite HAART-induced viral suppression.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV leads to CD4:CD8 ratio inversion as immune dysregulation progresses. We examined the predictors of CD4:CD8 normalization after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and determined whether normalization is associated with reduced progression to AIDS-defining illnesses (ADI) and death.
methodsA Canadian cohort of HIV-positive adults with CD4:CD8<1.2 prior to starting cART from 2000-2010 were analyzed. Predictors of (1) reaching a CD4:CD8 ≥ 1.2 on two separate follow-up visits >30 days apart, and (2) ADI and death from all causes were assessed using adjusted proportional hazards models.
results4206 patients were studied for a median of 2.77 years and 306 (7.2%) normalized their CD4:CD8 ratio. Factors associated with achieving a normal CD4:CD8 ratio were: baseline CD4+ T-cells >350 cells/mm(3), baseline CD8+ T-cells <500 cells/mm(3), time-updated HIV RNA suppression, and not reporting sex with other men as a risk factor. There were 213 ADIs and 214 deaths in 13476 person-years of follow-up. Achieving a normal CD4:CD8 ratio was not associated with time to ADI/death.
conclusionsIn our study, few individuals normalized their CD4:CD8 ratios within the first few years of initiating modern cART. This large study showed no additional short-term predictive value of the CD4:CD8 ratio for clinical outcomes after accounting for other risk factors including age and HIV RNA.
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