Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24204314›Full record

ArticlePLoS genetics2013

Human intellectual disability genes form conserved functional modules in Drosophila.

Merel A W Oortveld, Shivakumar Keerthikumar, Martin Oti, Bonnie Nijhof, Ana Clara Fernandes, Korinna Kochinke, Anna Castells-Nobau, Eva van Engelen, Thijs Ellenkamp, Lilian Eshuis and 8 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.

Merel A W OortveldDepartment of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Shivakumar Keerthikumar
Martin Oti
Bonnie Nijhof
Ana Clara Fernandes
Korinna Kochinke
Anna Castells-Nobau
Eva van Engelen
Thijs Ellenkamp
Lilian Eshuis
Anne Galy
Hans van Bokhoven
Bianca Habermann
Han G Brunner
Christiane Zweier
Patrik Verstreken
Martijn A Huynen
Annette Schenck
Radboud University Medical Center · NLRadboud University Nijmegen · NLFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg · DEInstitut de la Vision · FRKU Leuven · BEMax Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing · DEUniversity Hospital and Clinics · USUniversity Medical Center · USVIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology · BE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intellectual Disability (ID) disorders, defined by an IQ below 70, are genetically and phenotypically highly heterogeneous. Identification of common molecular pathways underlying these disorders is crucial for understanding the molecular basis of cognition and for the development of therapeutic intervention strategies. To systematically establish their functional connectivity, we used transgenic RNAi to target 270 ID gene orthologs in the Drosophila eye. Assessment of neuronal function in behavioral and electrophysiological assays and multiparametric morphological analysis identified phenotypes associated with knockdown of 180 ID gene orthologs. Most of these genotype-phenotype associations were novel. For example, we uncovered 16 genes that are required for basal neurotransmission and have not previously been implicated in this process in any system or organism. ID gene orthologs with morphological eye phenotypes, in contrast to genes without phenotypes, are relatively highly expressed in the human nervous system and are enriched for neuronal functions, suggesting that eye phenotyping can distinguish different classes of ID genes. Indeed, grouping genes by Drosophila phenotype uncovered 26 connected functional modules. Novel links between ID genes successfully predicted that MYCN, PIGV and UPF3B regulate synapse development. Drosophila phenotype groups show, in addition to ID, significant phenotypic similarity also in humans, indicating that functional modules are conserved. The combined data indicate that ID disorders, despite their extreme genetic diversity, are caused by disruption of a limited number of highly connected functional modules.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedDrosophilaEyeGene Knockdown TechniquesGenetic VariationHumansIntellectual DisabilityMetabolic Networks and PathwaysNeuronsPhenotypeRNA InterferenceSynapses

Identifiers

PMID24204314
PMCPMC3814316
OpenAlexW2141353816

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.