ArticlePLoS genetics2013
Partitioning the heritability of Tourette syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder reveals differences in genetic architecture.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
153 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 341 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide analyses identify 30 loci associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Nature genetics · 2025Pooled it
- Tourette syndrome and brain stimulation therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Genome-Wide Association Study of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms including 33,943 individuals from the general population.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Genome-Wide Association Study Points to Novel Locus for Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome.Biological psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Polygenic risk score-based phenome-wide association study identifies novel associations for Tourette syndrome.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Genome-wide association study of pediatric obsessive-compulsive traits: shared genetic risk between traits and disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Genetics of OCD and Related Disorders; Searching for Shared Factors.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Pooled it
- Interrogating the Genetic Determinants of Tourette's Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders Through Genome-Wide Association Studies.The American journal of psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Revealing the complex genetic architecture of obsessive-compulsive disorder using meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- Cis-eQTL-based trans-ethnic meta-analysis reveals novel genes associated with breast cancer risk.PLoS genetics · 2017Pooled it
- Centrality of prefrontal and motor preparation cortices to Tourette Syndrome revealed by meta-analysis of task-based neuroimaging studies.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2017Pooled it
- Genetic association signal near NTN4 in Tourette syndrome.Annals of neurology · 2014Pooled it
- Tourette syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Electronic Health Record-Based Phenotyping for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Algorithm Development and Multicenter Validation Study.JMIR mental health · 2026Article
- What can clinical disorders involving the basal ganglia tell us about the pathophysiology of obsessive and compulsive symptoms?Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Whole-exome sequencing in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder and chronic tic disorders identifies 36 large-effect risk genes.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Cross-ancestry and cross-disorder transferability of polygenic risk scores for obsessive-compulsive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Advancements in the Understanding of the Genetics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).Current psychiatry reports · 2026Review
- Rare coding variation in OCD implicates shared genes with other psychiatric disorders.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Association of Brain Structural Measurements and Polygenic Risk Scores with Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Adolescents Diagnosed with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety, Depression, Autism and Tic Disorders.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
131 authors at 20 institutions in 17 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The direct estimation of heritability from genome-wide common variant data as implemented in the program Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) has provided a means to quantify heritability attributable to all interrogated variants. We have quantified the variance in liability to disease explained by all SNPs for two phenotypically-related neurobehavioral disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette Syndrome (TS), using GCTA. Our analysis yielded a heritability point estimate of 0.58 (se = 0.09, p = 5.64e-12) for TS, and 0.37 (se = 0.07, p = 1.5e-07) for OCD. In addition, we conducted multiple genomic partitioning analyses to identify genomic elements that concentrate this heritability. We examined genomic architectures of TS and OCD by chromosome, MAF bin, and functional annotations. In addition, we assessed heritability for early onset and adult onset OCD. Among other notable results, we found that SNPs with a minor allele frequency of less than 5% accounted for 21% of the TS heritability and 0% of the OCD heritability. Additionally, we identified a significant contribution to TS and OCD heritability by variants significantly associated with gene expression in two regions of the brain (parietal cortex and cerebellum) for which we had available expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). Finally we analyzed the genetic correlation between TS and OCD, revealing a genetic correlation of 0.41 (se = 0.15, p = 0.002). These results are very close to previous heritability estimates for TS and OCD based on twin and family studies, suggesting that very little, if any, heritability is truly missing (i.e., unassayed) from TS and OCD GWAS studies of common variation. The results also indicate that there is some genetic overlap between these two phenotypically-related neuropsychiatric disorders, but suggest that the two disorders have distinct genetic architectures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.