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ArticleInflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]2014

Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of 3-hydroxy, 2-methoxy sodium butanoate from the leaves of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f.

N Prakash Babu, S Saravanan, P Pandikumar, K Bala Krishna, M Karunai Raj, S Ignacimuthu

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Article in Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.], 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Traditional uses and pharmacological properties ofJournal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2018
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

N Prakash BabuDivision of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600034, Tamil Nadu, India.
S Saravanan
P Pandikumar
K Bala Krishna
M Karunai Raj
S Ignacimuthu

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe leaves of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f. have been used in the Indian traditional system of medicine to treat several inflammatory diseases and arthritis. The aim of the present study was to assess the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of the leaves of C. phlomidis and to isolate the active principle by bioactivity guided fractionation. MATERIALS AND

methodsTo find the anti-inflammatory constituents from this plant, fractionations were performed with concurrent bioassays. Carrageenan-induced inflammation and Freund complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritic rat models were used. The anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of the isolated compound were studied by assessing the histology of the joints, levels of lysosomal enzymes, protein-bound carbohydrates, acute phase protein, etc., in plasma, as well as by estimating the levels and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the joints.

resultsRepeated fractionations and bioassays yielded a novel bioactive compound: 3-hydroxy, 2-methoxy-sodium butanoate. Treatment with this compound reduced the paw edema induced by carrageenan and FCA dose dependently. The levels of lysosomal enzymes and protein-bound carbohydrates decreased significantly upon treatment with the compound. The level of plasma acute phase protein was also decreased compared with control animals. Protein levels and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-1 and IL-6 in the joints were decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner and the histopathological data also added evidence of the anti-arthritic property of the compound.

conclusionThe 3-hydroxy,2-methoxy sodium butanoate isolated from plant leaves displays considerable potency in anti-inflammatory action and has a prominent anti-arthritic effect. This is the first report of this natural compound with bioactivity.

Indexed as

ClerodendrumPhytotherapyAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsArthritis, ExperimentalButyratesCarrageenanCytokinesEdemaFemaleFoot JointsIndiaMedicine, East Asian TraditionalNeutrophilsPeroxidasePlant Extracts3-hydroxy-2-methoxy sodium butanoateAnti-Inflammatory AgentsButyratesCarrageenanCytokinesPeroxidasePlant ExtractsReactive Oxygen SpeciesRNA, Messenger

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.