Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24199668›Full record

ReviewBiological psychiatry2014

The epidemiologic evidence linking autoimmune diseases and psychosis.

Michael E Benros, William W Eaton, Preben B Mortensen

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Biological psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
84citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

84 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 199 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) for schizophrenia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
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24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Michael E BenrosNational Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus; Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark. Electronic address: benros@ncrr.dk.
William W EatonDepartment of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Preben B MortensenNational Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Aarhus University · DKJohns Hopkins University · USUniversity of Copenhagen · DK

Funding

Psychosis and Autoimmune Diseases in DenmarkR01MH053188 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI EATON, WILLIAM W · 1996 to 2010
$1.6M
NIMH NIH HHS MH 53188NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH053188
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review summarizes the epidemiologic evidence linking autoimmune diseases and psychosis. The associations between autoimmune diseases and psychosis have been studied for more than a half century, but research has intensified within the last decades, since psychosis has been associated with genetic markers of the immune system and with excess autoreactivity and other immune alterations. A range of psychiatric disorders, including psychosis, have been observed to occur more frequently in some autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis. Many autoimmune diseases involve multiple organs and general dysfunction of the immune system, which could affect the brain and induce psychiatric symptoms. Most studies have been cross-sectional, observing an increased prevalence of a broad number of autoimmune diseases in people with psychotic disorders. Furthermore, there is some evidence of associations of psychosis with a family history of autoimmune disorders and vice versa. Additionally, several autoimmune diseases, individually and in aggregate, have been identified as raising the risk for psychotic disorders in longitudinal studies. The associations have been suspected to be caused by inflammation or brain-reactive antibodies associated with the autoimmune diseases. However, the associations could also be caused by shared genetic factors or common etiologic components such as infections. Infections can induce the development of autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies, possibly affecting the brain. Autoimmune diseases and brain-reactive antibodies should be considered by clinicians in the treatment of individuals with psychotic symptoms, and even if the association is not causal, treatment would probably still improve quality of life and survival.

Indexed as

AnimalsAutoantibodiesAutoimmune DiseasesBrainHumansPsychotic DisordersRisk FactorsAutoantibodiesAutoimmune diseasesepidemiologyinfectionspsychosisschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID24199668
PMCPMC8797267
OpenAlexW1989657907

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.