ArticleMediators of inflammation2013
Inhibitory effect of matrine on blood-brain barrier disruption for the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Article in Mediators of inflammation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Demyelination to Intervention: Natural Compounds as Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Sclerosis Neuroinflammation.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Bitter Compounds as Multifunctional Agents against Diabetes-associated Cognitive Dysfunction: Bridging Metabolic Regulation and Neuroprotection.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
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- Neurological disorders of COVID-19: insights to applications of natural products from plants and microorganisms.Archives of pharmacal research · 2022Review
- Matrine treatment reduces retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in experimental optic neuritis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Illumination of Molecular Pathways in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions and the Immune Mechanism of Matrine Treatment in EAE, a Mouse Model of MS.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Calcitriol Prevents Neuroinflammation and Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Local Macrophage/Microglia Activation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Dexamethasone suppresses JMJD3 gene activation via a putative negative glucocorticoid response element and maintains integrity of tight junctions in brain microvascular endothelial cells.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2017Article
- Resveratrol defends blood-brain barrier integrity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.Journal of neurophysiology · 2016Article
- Linear Quantitative Profiling Method Fast Monitors Alkaloids of Sophora Flavescens That Was Verified by Tri-Marker Analyses.PloS one · 2016Article
- The TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway has a key role in methamphetamine-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2015Article
- Matrine improves cognitive impairment and modulates the balance of Th17/Treg cytokines in a rat model of Aβ1-42-induced Alzheimer's disease.Central-European journal of immunology · 2015Article
- Delivery of therapeutic peptides and proteins to the CNS.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a primary characteristic of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an experimental model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Matrine (MAT), a quinolizidine alkaloid derived from the herb Radix Sophorae Flave, has been recently found to suppress clinical EAE and CNS inflammation. However, whether this effect of MAT is through protecting the integrity and function of the BBB is not known. In the present study, we show that MAT treatment had a therapeutic effect comparable to dexamethasone (DEX) in EAE rats, with reduced Evans Blue extravasation, increased expression of collagen IV, the major component of the basement membrane, and the structure of tight junction (TJ) adaptor protein Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Furthermore, MAT treatment attenuated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -2 (MMP-9/-2), while it increased the expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 and -2 (TIMP-1/-2). Our findings demonstrate that MAT reduces BBB leakage by strengthening basement membrane, inhibiting activities of MMP-2 and -9, and upregulating their inhibitors. Taken together, our results identify a novel mechanism underlying the effect of MAT, a natural compound that could be a novel therapy for MS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.