ArticleNutrition and cancer2014
Procyanidin B2 3,3(″)-di-O-gallate, a biologically active constituent of grape seed extract, induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells via targeting NF-κB, Stat3, and AP1 transcription factors.
Article in Nutrition and cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proanthocyanidin B2 Alleviates Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination by Regulating the Astrocytic xCT/GSH/GPX4 Axis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Procyanidins as potential anticancer agents: mechanisms of action, bioavailability challenges and therapeutic opportunities.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Inhibition of adult T-cell leukemia cell proliferation by polymerized proanthocyanidin from blueberry leaves through JAK proteolysis.Cancer science · 2022Article
- Grape Powder Supplementation Attenuates Prostate Neoplasia Associated with Pten Haploinsufficiency in Mice Fed High-Fat Diet.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2020Article
- Procyanidin B2 inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells and angiogenesis via the Hedgehog pathway during liver fibrosis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2019Article
- Differential effect of grape seed extract and its active constituent procyanidin B2 3,3″-di-O-gallate against prostate cancer stem cells.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2019Article
- Pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening in search of novel Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Journal of molecular modeling · 2019Article
- Proanthocyanidins of Natural Origin: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications for Lipid Disorder and Aging-Associated Diseases.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019Review
- Anthocyanins inhibit high glucose-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis caused by oxidative stress in db/db mice.International journal of molecular medicine · 2018Article
- Procyanidin B2 3,3″-di-O-gallate induces oxidative stress-mediated cell death in prostate cancer cells via inhibiting MAP kinase phosphatase activity and activating ERK1/2 and AMPK.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2018Article
- Cancer Chemopreventive Potential of Procyanidin.Toxicological research · 2017Review
- Bioactivity-based antioxidative components screening and evaluation in grape seed proanthocyanidin extract.Journal of food science and technology · 2017Article
- GATA4 promotes hepatoblastoma cell proliferation by altering expression of miR125b and DKK3.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Protective effects of a grape-supplemented diet in a mouse model of retinal degeneration.Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2016Article
- Protective Effect of Procyanidin B2 against CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Article
- Procyanidin B2 3,3″-di-O-gallate inhibits endothelial cells growth and motility by targeting VEGFR2 and integrin signaling pathways.Current cancer drug targets · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recently, we identified procyanidin B2 3,3(″)-di-O-gallate (B2G2) as most active constituent of grape seed extract (GSE) for efficacy against prostate cancer (PCa). Isolating large quantities of B2G2 from total GSE is labor intensive and expensive, thereby limiting both efficacy and mechanistic studies with this novel anticancer agent. Accordingly, here we synthesized gram-scale quantities of B2G2, compared it with B2G2 isolated from GSE for possible equivalent biological activity and conducted mechanistic studies. Both B2G2 preparations inhibited cell growth, decreased clonogenicity, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptotic death, comparable to each other, in various human PCa cell lines. Mechanistic studies focusing on transcription factors involved in apoptotic and survival pathways revealed that B2G2 significantly inhibits NF-κB and activator protein1 (AP1) transcriptional activity and nuclear translocation of signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (Stat3) in PCa cell lines, irrespective of their functional androgen receptor status. B2G2 also decreased survivin expression which is regulated by NF-κB, AP1, and Stat3 and increased cleaved PARP level. In summary, we report B2G2 chemical synthesis at gram-quantity with equivalent biological efficacy against human PCa cell lines and same molecular targeting profiles at key transcription factors level. The synthetic B2G2 will stimulate more research on prostate and possibly other malignancies in preclinical models and clinical translation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.