Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24191021›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013

Sox9 plays multiple roles in the lung epithelium during branching morphogenesis.

Briana E Rockich, Steven M Hrycaj, Hung Ping Shih, Melinda S Nagy, Michael A H Ferguson, Janel L Kopp, Maike Sander, Deneen M Wellik, Jason R Spence

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
176citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
13.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

176 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 294 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Mapping Embryonic Mouse Lung Development Using Enhanced Spatial Transcriptomics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
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  11. Single-Cell Multiome Impact of Prenatal Heavy Metal Exposure on Early Airway Development.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026
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  18. Novel Porcine Model Reveals Two Distinct LGR5 Cell Types during Lung Development and Homeostasis.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025
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  20. Article

116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Briana E RockichDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200.
Steven M Hrycaj
Hung Ping Shih
Melinda S Nagy
Michael A H Ferguson
Janel L Kopp
Maike Sander
Deneen M Wellik
Jason R Spence
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USOrganogenesis (United States) · US

Funding

PULMONARY CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TRAININGT32HL007749 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Robert Pickett Dickson · 1993 to 2026
$19.9M
Novel insights into nutrient-dependent regulation of beta cell proliferationR01DK078803 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SANDER, MAIKE · 2007 to 2022
$4.4M
Supplement to a Hox-Wnt-Sox signaling axis regulates lung development, patterning and branchingR01HL119215 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SPENCE, JASON · 2013 to 2021
$4.2M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL119215NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL119215NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007749NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL7749-20NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK078803
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lung branching morphogenesis is a highly orchestrated process that gives rise to the complex network of gas-exchanging units in the adult lung. Intricate regulation of signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epithelial-mesenchymal cross-talk are critical to ensuring branching morphogenesis occurs properly. Here, we describe a role for the transcription factor Sox9 during lung branching morphogenesis. Sox9 is expressed at the distal tips of the branching epithelium in a highly dynamic manner as branching occurs and is down-regulated starting at embryonic day 16.5, concurrent with the onset of terminal differentiation of type 1 and type 2 alveolar cells. Using epithelial-specific genetic loss- and gain-of-function approaches, our results demonstrate that Sox9 controls multiple aspects of lung branching. Fine regulation of Sox9 levels is required to balance proliferation and differentiation of epithelial tip progenitor cells, and loss of Sox9 leads to direct and indirect cellular defects including extracellular matrix defects, cytoskeletal disorganization, and aberrant epithelial movement. Our evidence shows that unlike other endoderm-derived epithelial tissues, such as the intestine, Wnt/β-catenin signaling does not regulate Sox9 expression in the lung. We conclude that Sox9 collectively promotes proper branching morphogenesis by controlling the balance between proliferation and differentiation and regulating the extracellular matrix.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell DifferentiationCell ProliferationChromatin ImmunoprecipitationDoxycyclineExtracellular MatrixFlow CytometryGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalImmunohistochemistryIn Situ HybridizationLungMiceMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionOrganogenesisReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRespiratory MucosaDoxycyclineSox9 protein, mouseSOX9 Transcription FactorTamoxifencampomelic dysplasiaorganogenesis

Identifiers

PMID24191021
PMCPMC3839746
OpenAlexW2121432376

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.