Trial reportCancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)2013
Durable antibody responses following one dose of the bivalent human papillomavirus L1 virus-like particle vaccine in the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial.
Trial report in Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 119 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for the prevention of cervical cancer and other HPV-related diseases: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative effectiveness and immunogenicity of single-dose and multi-dose human papillomavirus vaccination: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- The clinical effectiveness of one-dose vaccination with an HPV vaccine: A meta-analysis of 902,368 vaccinated women.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Natural Acquired Immunity Against Subsequent Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Pooled it
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and type 18 antibody concentrations after a single dose of bivalent HPV vaccine in girls aged 9-14 years compared with three doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine in women aged 18-25 years in Costa Rica (PRIMAVERA): a non-randomised, open-label, immunobridging, non-inferiority trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- The effect of intensive praziquantel administration on vaccine-specific responses among schoolchildren in Ugandan schistosomiasis-endemic islands (POPVAC A): an open-label, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Evaluation of Durability of a Single Dose of the Bivalent HPV Vaccine: The CVT Trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2020Trial
- Long intervals between two doses of HPV vaccines and magnitude of the immune response: aHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Durability of Protection Afforded by Fewer Doses of the HPV16/18 Vaccine: The CVT Trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2018Trial
- Randomized Open Trial Comparing 2-Dose Regimens of the Human Papillomavirus 16/18 AS04-Adjuvanted Vaccine in Girls Aged 9-14 Years Versus a 3-Dose Regimen in Women Aged 15-25 Years.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Cross-protection of the Bivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Against Variants of Genetically Related High-Risk HPV Infections.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Antibody Persistence in Adults Two Years after Vaccination with an H1N1 2009 Pandemic Influenza Virus-Like Particle Vaccine.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Sustained immunogenicity of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine administered as a two-dose schedule in adolescent girls: Five-year clinical data and modeling predictions from a randomized study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Trial
- Efficacy of fewer than three doses of an HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine: combined analysis of data from the Costa Rica Vaccine and PATRICIA Trials.The Lancet. Oncology · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Risk of newly detected infections and cervical abnormalities in women seropositive for naturally acquired human papillomavirus type 16/18 antibodies: analysis of the control arm of PATRICIA.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Trial
- Immunogenicity of quadrivalent HPV and combined hepatitis A and B vaccine when co-administered or administered one month apart to 9-10 year-old girls according to 0-6 month schedule.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Trial
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The Costa Rica HPV16/18 Vaccine Trial (CVT) showed that four-year vaccine efficacy against 12-month HPV16/18 persistent infection was similarly high among women who received one, two, or the recommended three doses of the bivalent HPV16/18 L1 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine. Live-attenuated viral vaccines, but not simple-subunit vaccines, usually induce durable lifelong antibody responses after a single dose. It is unclear whether noninfectious VLP vaccines behave more like live-virus or simple-subunit vaccines in this regard. To explore the likelihood that efficacy will persist longer term, we investigated the magnitude and durability of antibodies to this vaccine by measuring HPV16- and HPV18-specific antibodies by VLP-ELISA using serum from enrollment, vaccination, and annual visits through four years in four vaccinated groups; one-dose (n = 78), two-doses separated by one month (n = 140), two doses separated by six months (n = 52), and three scheduled doses (n = 120, randomly selected). We also tested enrollment sera from n = 113 HPV16- or HPV18 L1-seropositive women prevaccination, presumably from natural infection. At four years, 100% of women in all groups remained HPV16/18 seropositive; both HPV16/18 geometric mean titers (GMT) among the extended two-dose group were non-inferior to the three-dose group, and ELISA titers were highly correlated with neutralization titers in all groups. Compared with the natural infection group, HPV16/18 GMTs were, respectively, at least 24 and 14 times higher among the two-dose and 9 and 5 times higher among one-dose vaccinees. Antibody levels following one-dose remained stable from month 6 through month 48. Results raise the possibility that even a single dose of HPV VLPs will induce long-term protection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.