ArticleEndocrinology2014
Gonadal steroid modulation of sleep and wakefulness in male and female rats is sexually differentiated and neonatally organized by steroid exposure.
Article in Endocrinology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic exposure to artificial light at night dampens rhythms in locomotor activity, metabolism, and sleep in female mice.Physiology & behavior · 2026Article
- Estradiol signaling in the medial preoptic nucleus: a lifespan framework for female sleep regulation.Sleep · 2026Article
- The median preoptic nucleus is a key site for estradiol regulation of sleep-wake behaviors in females rats.Sleep · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Responses to Intermittent Fasting: A Narrative Review Across Physiological, Clinical, and Psychosocial Contexts.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The Median Preoptic Nucleus is a Key Site for Estradiol Regulation of Sleep-Wake Behaviors in Females Rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Prenatal and Childhood Phthalate Mixtures and Adolescent Sleep Health in the HOME Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiometabolic Diseases: From Development to Senescence and Therapeutic Approaches.Cells · 2025Review
- Editorial: Sex differences in sleep and circadian rhythms.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sleep problems and childhood adiposity: a cross-sectional study among third-grade students in Shanghai, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association of Sleep Duration With Serum Estradiol Concentrations Among American Men and Women: Evidence From NHANES 2013-2016.International journal of endocrinology · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Elderly People's Sleep: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Associations of meal timing and sleep duration with incidence of obesity: a prospective cohort study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Sex and Sleep Disruption as Contributing Factors in Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Review
- Reproductive hormones and sex chromosomes drive sex differences in the sleep-wake cycle.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- On the basis of sex and sleep: the influence of the estrous cycle and sex on sleep-wake behavior.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Article
- Probing pathways by which rhynchophylline modifies sleep using spatial transcriptomics.Biology direct · 2023Article
- The stress of losing sleep: Sex-specific neurobiological outcomes.Neurobiology of stress · 2023Article
- Sex-specific regulation of the cortical transcriptome in response to sleep deprivation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Estradiol influences adenosinergic signaling and nonrapid eye movement sleep need in adult female rats.Sleep · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The paucity of clinical and preclinical studies investigating sex differences in sleep has resulted in mixed findings as to the exact nature of these differences. Although gonadal steroids are known to modulate sleep in females, less is known about males. Moreover, little evidence exists concerning the origin of these sex differences in sleep behavior. Thus, the goal of this study was to directly compare the sensitivity of sleep behavior in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to changes in the gonadal steroid milieu and to test whether the sex differences in sleep are the result of brain sexual differentiation or differences in circulating gonadal steroids. Here we report the magnitude of change in sleep behavior induced by either estradiol (E2) or testosterone (T) was greater in females compared with males, suggesting that sleep behavior in females is more sensitive to the suppressive effects of gonadal steroids. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the organizational effects of early gonadal steroid exposure result in male-like responsivity to gonadal steroids and directly alter the activity of the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO), an established sleep-promoting nucleus, in adult masculinized females. Moreover, the nonaromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone did not suppress sleep in either males or females, suggesting that the T-mediated effect in females was due to the aromatization of T into E2. Together our data suggest that, like sex behavior, sex differences in sleep follow the classical organizational/activational effects of gonadal steroids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.