ArticleJournal of bacteriology2014
Bacterial competition reveals differential regulation of the pks genes by Bacillus subtilis.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
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- When context matters: community and environmental context to elicit natural products.Essays in biochemistry · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms and applications of antimicrobial secondary metabolites ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Review
- Genomic and functional landscape of antimicrobial peptides and lipopeptides from ginger honey-derived Bacillus subtilis.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026Article
- Comprehensive mapping of transcription terminator Rho utilization (Rut) sites across the Bacillus subtilis genome.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Presence of polyketide synthases and nonribosomal peptide synthetase in culturable bacteria associated with Aplysina fulva and Aplysina caissara (Porifera).Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Trichodesmium metaproteomes reflect the differential influence of resource availability across ocean regions.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- From genome to field:Current research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial peptides from Bacillus spp. and strategies to enhance their yield.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Extensive cellular multi-tasking withinmSystems · 2023Article
- Nutrient Availability and Biofilm Polysaccharide Shape the Bacillaene-Dependent Antagonism of Bacillus subtilis against Salmonella Typhimurium.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Impact ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Integrated Genomic and Metabolomic Analysis Illuminates Key Secreted Metabolites Produced by the Novel EndophyteMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Resolving the conflict between antibiotic production and rapid growth by recognition of peptidoglycan of susceptible competitors.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Imaging flow cytometry reveals a dual role for exopolysaccharides in biofilms: To promote self-adhesion while repelling non-self-community members.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2022Article
- The Intertwined Roles of Specialized Metabolites within the Bacillus subtilis Biofilm.Journal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- Phage tail-like nanostructures affect microbial interactions between Streptomyces and fungi.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Discovery of novel secondary metabolites encoded in actinomycete genomes through coculture.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2021Review
- Bacillaene Mediates the Inhibitory Effect of Bacillus subtilis on Campylobacter jejuni Biofilms.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- Characterization and Quantitative Determination of a Diverse Group of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis NCIB 3610 Antibacterial Peptides.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is adaptable to many environments in part due to its ability to produce a broad range of bioactive compounds. One such compound, bacillaene, is a linear polyketide/nonribosomal peptide. The pks genes encode the enzymatic megacomplex that synthesizes bacillaene. The majority of pks genes appear to be organized as a giant operon (>74 kb from pksC-pksR). In previous work (P. D. Straight, M. A. Fischbach, C. T. Walsh, D. Z. Rudner, and R. Kolter, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104:305-310, 2007, doi:10.1073/pnas.0609073103), a deletion of the pks operon in B. subtilis was found to induce prodiginine production by Streptomyces coelicolor. Here, colonies of wild-type B. subtilis formed a spreading population that induced prodiginine production from Streptomyces lividans, suggesting differential regulation of pks genes and, as a result, bacillaene. While the parent colony showed widespread induction of pks expression among cells in the population, we found the spreading cells uniformly and transiently repressed the expression of the pks genes. To identify regulators that control pks genes, we first determined the pattern of pks gene expression in liquid culture. We next identified mutations in regulatory genes that disrupted the wild-type pattern of pks gene expression. We found that expression of the pks genes requires the master regulator of development, Spo0A, through its repression of AbrB and the stationary-phase regulator, CodY. Deletions of degU, comA, and scoC had moderate effects, disrupting the timing and level of pks gene expression. The observed patterns of expression suggest that complex regulation of bacillaene and other antibiotics optimizes competitive fitness for B. subtilis.
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