ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2014
Evaluation of the specificity of antibodies raised against cannabinoid receptor type 2 in the mouse retina.
Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabinoid Receptors: An Update on Cell Signaling, Pathophysiological Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities in Neurological, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Flipping the GPCR Switch: Structure-Based Development of Selective Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Inverse Agonists.ACS central science · 2024Article
- Investigating the Effects of Exogenous and Endogenous 2-Arachidonoylglycerol on Retinal CB1 Cannabinoid Receptors and Reactive Microglia in Naive and Diseased Retina.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Goods and Bads of the Endocannabinoid System as a Therapeutic Target: Lessons Learned after 30 Years.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- Rational Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Fluorescent CBPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Update on the controversial identity of cells expressing cnr2 gene in the nervous system.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Review
- Detection of cannabinoid receptor type 2 in native cells and zebrafish with a highly potent, cell-permeable fluorescent probe.Chemical science · 2022Article
- Review
- Cnr2 Is Important for Ribbon Synapse Maturation and Function in Hair Cells and Photoreceptors.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Effects of Repeated Morphine Treatment on the Endogenous Cannabinoid System in the Ventral Tegmental Area.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Cannabinoids affect the mouse visual acuity via the cannabinoid receptor type 2.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Targeting the endocannabinoid system: a predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine-directed approach to the management of brain pathologies.The EPMA journal · 2020Review
- Cannabinoids in the descending pain modulatory circuit: Role in inflammation.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2020Review
- Cannabinoid CB2R receptors are upregulated with corneal injury and regulate the course of corneal wound healing.Experimental eye research · 2019Article
- Cellular localization and regulation of receptors and enzymes of the endocannabinoid system in intestinal and systemic inflammation.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2019Article
- Systematic Affinity Purification Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Identified p62 as Part of the Cannabinoid Receptor CB2 Interactome.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Potential for endocannabinoid system modulation in ocular pain and inflammation: filling the gaps in current pharmacological options.Neuronal signaling · 2018Review
- Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) conjugated to ATTO594: a novel fluorescent probe for the N/OFQ (NOP) receptor.British journal of pharmacology · 2018Article
- Revisiting cannabinoid receptor 2 expression and function in murine retina.Neuropharmacology · 2018Article
- No answer to the lack of specificity: mouse monoclonal antibody targeting the angiotensin II type 1 receptor ATNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptors (CB1R and CB2R) are among the most abundant G protein-coupled receptors in the central nervous system. The endocannabinoid system is an attractive therapeutic target for immune system modulation and peripheral pain management. While CB1R is distributed in the nervous system, CB2R has traditionally been associated to the immune system. This dogma is currently a subject of debate since the discovery of CB2R expression in neurons using antibody-based methods. The localization of CB2R in the central nervous system (CNS) could have a significant impact on drug development because it would mean that in addition to its effects on the peripheral pain pathway, CB2R could also mediate some central effects of cannabinoids. In an attempt to clarify the debate over CB2R expression in the CNS, we tested several commercially or academically produced CB2R antibodies using Western blot and immunohistochemistry on retinal tissue obtained from wild-type mice and mice lacking CB2R (cnr2 (-/-) ). One of the antibodies tested exhibited a valuable specificity as it marked a single band near the predicted molecular weight in Western blot and produced no staining in cnr2 (-/-) mice retina sections. The other antibodies tested detected multiple bands in Western blot and labeled unidentified proteins when used with their immunizing peptide or on cnr2 (-/-) retinal sections. We conclude that many commonly used antibodies raised against CB2R are not specific for use in immunohistochemistry, at least in the context of the mouse retina. Moreover, some of them tested presented significant lot-to-lot variability. Hence, caution should be used when interpreting prior and future studies using CB2R antibodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.