Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24183073›Full record

ReviewProstaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Immunomodulation by dietary long chain omega-3 fatty acids and the potential for adverse health outcomes.

Jenifer I Fenton, Norman G Hord, Sanjoy Ghosh, Eric A Gurzell

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
6.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Diet and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): From Supplementation to Intervention.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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  5. Systemic treatment for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Jenifer I FentonDepartment of Food Science and Human, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States; College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States. Electronic address: imigjeni@msu.edu.
Norman G Hord
Sanjoy Ghosh
Eric A Gurzell
Michigan State University · USOkanagan University College · CAOregon State University · US

Funding

Effect of dietary omega 3 fatty acids on colitis and colon cancer development inR03CA162427 · NCI · MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY · PI FENTON, JENIFER IMIG · 2011 to 2012
$154k
NCI NIH HHS R03 CA162427NCI NIH HHS R03CA162427
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recommendations to consume fish for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), along with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status for long chain omega-3 fatty acids, may have had the unanticipated consequence of encouraging long-chain omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acid [(eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] supplementation and fortification practices. While there is evidence supporting a protective role for EPA/DHA supplementation in reducing sudden cardiac events, the safety and efficacy of supplementation with LCω-3PUFA in the context of other disease outcomes is unclear. Recent studies of bacterial, viral, and fungal infections in animal models of infectious disease demonstrate that LCω-3PUFA intake dampens immunity and alters pathogen clearance and can result in reduced survival. The same physiological properties of EPA/DHA that are responsible for the amelioration of inflammation associated with chronic cardiovascular pathology or autoimmune states, may impair pathogen clearance during acute infections by decreasing host resistance or interfere with tumor surveillance resulting in adverse health outcomes. Recent observations that high serum LCω-3PUFA levels are associated with higher risk of prostate cancer and atrial fibrillation raise concern for adverse outcomes. Given the widespread use of supplements and fortification of common food items with LCω-3PUFA, this review focuses on the immunomodulatory effects of the dietary LCω-3PUFAs, EPA and DHA, the mechanistic basis for potential negative health outcomes, and calls for biomarker development and validation as rational first steps towards setting recommended dietary intake levels.

Indexed as

AnimalsCardiovascular DiseasesDietary FatsDocosahexaenoic AcidsEicosapentaenoic AcidFatty Acids, Omega-3HumansImmunityImmunologic FactorsInfectionsInflammationNeoplasmsNutrition PolicyRisk FactorsDietary FatsDocosahexaenoic AcidsEicosapentaenoic AcidFatty Acids, Omega-3Immunologic FactorsB cellCancerCHDColitisCoronary heart diseaseFish oilImmune functionRARheumatoid arthritisTLRToll-like receptor

Identifiers

PMID24183073
PMCPMC3912985
OpenAlexW2014530834

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.