ArticleNeuroImage. Clinical2013
Disrupted cerebral metabolite levels and lower nadir CD4 + counts are linked to brain volume deficits in 210 HIV-infected patients on stable treatment.
Article in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Different roles of frontal versus striatal atrophy in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Human brain mapping · 2019Pooled it
- Combination antiretroviral therapy improves cognitive performance and functional connectivity in treatment-naïve HIV-infected individuals.Journal of neurovirology · 2017Trial
- Impact of Delayed HIV Diagnosis and Treatment on Dementia Risk in Later Life.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Genetic Variations in EIF2AK3 are Associated with Neurocognitive Impairment in People Living with HIV.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2024Article
- Elevation of cell-associated HIV-1 transcripts in CSF CD4+ T cells, despite effective antiretroviral therapy, is linked to brain injury.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Depression is associated with hippocampal volume loss in adults with HIV.Human brain mapping · 2021Article
- Neuroimaging and Cognitive Evidence for Combined HIV-Alcohol Effects on the Central Nervous System: A Review.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Article
- Neuroimaging Advances in Diagnosis and Differentiation of HIV, Comorbidities, and Aging in the cART Era.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
- Article
- CNS Infections in Immunoincompetent Patients : Neuroradiological and Clinical Features.Clinical neuroradiology · 2020Review
- Regional brain volumetric changes despite 2 years of treatment initiated during acute HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- HIV infection and age effects on striatal structure are additive.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
- Progressive brain atrophy in chronically infected and treated HIV+ individuals.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
- HIV infection and latency induce a unique metabolic signature in human macrophages.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Effects of age, HIV, and HIV-associated clinical factors on neuropsychological functioning and brain regional volume in HIV+ patients on effective treatment.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
- The role of catecholamines in HIV neuropathogenesis.Brain research · 2019Review
- Accelerated and Premature Aging Characterizing Regional Cortical Volume Loss in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Contributions From Alcohol, Substance Use, and Hepatitis C Coinfection.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2018Article
- Association of Brain Structure Changes and Cognitive Function With Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Positive Individuals.JAMA neurology · 2018Article
- MR brain volumetric measurements are predictive of neurobehavioral impairment in the HIV-1 transgenic rat.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cognitive impairment and brain injury are common in people with HIV/AIDS, even when viral replication is effectively suppressed with combined antiretroviral therapies (cART). Metabolic and structural abnormalities may promote cognitive decline, but we know little about how these measures relate in people on stable cART. Here we used tensor-based morphometry (TBM) to reveal the 3D profile of regional brain volume variations in 210 HIV + patients scanned with whole-brain MRI at 1.5 T (mean age: 48.6 ± 8.4 years; all receiving cART). We identified brain regions where the degree of atrophy was related to HIV clinical measures and cerebral metabolite levels assessed with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Regional brain volume reduction was linked to lower nadir CD4 + count, with a 1-2% white matter volume reduction for each 25-point reduction in nadir CD4 +. Even so, brain volume measured by TBM showed no detectable association with current CD4 + count, AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC) stage, HIV RNA load in plasma or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), duration of HIV infection, antiretroviral CNS penetration-effectiveness (CPE) scores, or years on cART, after controlling for demographic factors, and for multiple comparisons. Elevated glutamate and glutamine (Glx) and lower N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in the frontal white matter, basal ganglia, and mid frontal cortex - were associated with lower white matter, putamen and thalamus volumes, and ventricular and CSF space expansion. Reductions in brain volumes in the setting of chronic and stable disease are strongly linked to a history of immunosuppression, suggesting that delays in initiating cART may result in imminent and irreversible brain damage.
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