ArticleAmerican journal of clinical and experimental immunology2013
Increased levels of interleukins 2 and 17 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
Article in American journal of clinical and experimental immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cerebrospinal fluid and serum biomarkers in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: A systematic review.Headache · 2025Pooled it
- Osteopontin as a diagnostic and NTZ-response biomarker of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Osteopontin (OPN) as a CSF and blood biomarker for multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- CGRP-provoked headache is associated with a neuroimmune signature in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Trial
- Inflammation in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An Immunometabolic Mechanistic Framework and Clinical Implications.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Inflammatory parameters in idiopathic intracranial hypertension and their relationship with optic disc findings.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Molecular profile of pediatric pseudotumor cerebri: the role of apelin isoforms and oxidative stress.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Routine Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Newly Diagnosed Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An Exploratory Case-Control Study.Eye and brain · 2026Article
- Idiopathic CSF dynamic disturbances causing headache: a narrative review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.Clinical neurology and neurosurgery · 2025Observational
- Current Understanding of the Pathophysiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- T-cell repertoire correlates with cytokine imbalance in multiple sclerosis patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Metabolic Dysfunction in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Current Theories and Updates.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Isolated Intracranial Hypertensions as Onset of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid levels of sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin and interleukin-33 in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2022Article
- A New Perspective on the Pathophysiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Role of the Glia-Neuro-Vascular Interface.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Article
- Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome as a Neurologic Involvement of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Case Report.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2021Article
- Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios as inflammation markers in patients with papilledema due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
IIH is a condition of raised intracranial pressure of unknown pathogenesis, which is most commonly seen in young overweight women. This study was designed to confirm and extend previous reports by our and other groups showing increased inflammatory cytokine expression in patients with IIH. We analyzed the concentrations of 14 cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, IL-22, IL-23, IFNγ, TNFα, TGFβ, and osteopontin) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 17 patients with IIH and 53 patients with other neurological conditions. Patients with IIH had highly elevated IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and IFNγ in the CSF compared to patients with multiple sclerosis or non-organic/non-inflammatory neurological conditions. No significant differences were seen between serum cytokine levels in four patient groups (IIH - multiple sclerosis - inflammatory neurological conditions - non-organic/non-inflammatory neurological conditions) and there were no correlations between serum and CSF cytokine levels. In IIH, levels of IL-2, IL-8 and IL-17 were significantly higher in CSF than serum; levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-22, IFNγ and TNFα were significantly higher in serum than CSF. For most cytokines, the CSF/serum cytokine ratio was significantly higher than the CSF/serum albumin ratio, indicating intrathecal synthesis of these cytokines in IIH. We conclude that IIH is associated with elevated levels of IL-17 and IL-2 in the CSF, suggesting the involvement of these cytokines in disease pathogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24179731PMC3808932What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.