Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24178761›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2014

Recognition of cancer warning signs and anticipated delay in help-seeking in a population sample of adults in the UK.

S L Quaife, L J L Forbes, A J Ramirez, K E Brain, C Donnelly, A E Simon, J Wardle

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The Effectiveness of Interventional Cancer Education Programs for School Students Aged 8-19 Years: a Systematic Review.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2021
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26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

S L QuaifeHealth Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
L J L ForbesKing's College London Promoting Early Presentation Group, King's College London, London SE1 3QD, UK.
A J RamirezKing's College London Promoting Early Presentation Group, King's College London, London SE1 3QD, UK.
K E BrainCochrane Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4YS, UK.
C DonnellyCentre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 6DP, UK.
A E SimonHealth Services Research, School of Health Sciences, City University London, London EC1V 0HB, UK.
J WardleHealth Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
University College London · GBCardiff University · GBCity, University of London · GB

Funding

Cancer Research UK 14134Department of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNot recognising a symptom as suspicious is a common reason given by cancer patients for delayed help-seeking; but inevitably this is retrospective. We therefore investigated associations between recognition of warning signs for breast, colorectal and lung cancer and anticipated time to help-seeking for symptoms of each cancer.

methodsComputer-assisted telephone interviews were conducted with a population-representative sample (N=6965) of UK adults age ≥ 50 years, using the Awareness and Beliefs about Cancer scale. Anticipated time to help-seeking for persistent cough, rectal bleeding and breast changes was categorised as >2 vs ≤ 2 weeks. Recognition of persistent cough, unexplained bleeding and unexplained lump as cancer warning signs was assessed (yes/no). Associations between recognition and help-seeking were examined for each symptom controlling for demographics and perceived ease of health-care access.

resultsFor each symptom, the odds of waiting for >2 weeks were significantly increased in those who did not recognise the related warning sign: breast changes: OR=2.45, 95% CI 1.47-4.08; rectal bleeding: OR=1.77, 1.36-2.30; persistent cough: OR=1.30, 1.17-1.46, independent of demographics and health-care access.

conclusionRecognition of warning signs was associated with anticipating faster help-seeking for potential symptoms of cancer. Strategies to improve recognition are likely to facilitate earlier diagnosis.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAgedBreast NeoplasmsColorectal NeoplasmsEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansInterviews as TopicLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsPatient Acceptance of Health CareUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

PMID24178761
PMCPMC3887291
OpenAlexW2080433220

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.