ArticleBMJ open2013
The trends and the risk of type 1 diabetes over the past 40 years: an analysis by birth cohorts and by parental migration background in Sweden.
Article in BMJ open, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of distinct and similar pathological features between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- The Changing Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes: A Global Perspective.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- The Current Landscape for Screening and Monitoring of Early-Stage Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2025Review
- Type 1 Diabetes Incidence Trends in a Cohort of Turkish Children and Youth.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Trends in incidence rates of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study in Isfahan province, Iran.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2023Article
- Antibiotics in the pathogenesis of diabetes and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023Review
- Association of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Urine Metabolites with Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Article
- Dromedary camel CD14BMC veterinary research · 2020Article
- Urban-Rural Differences in the Trends of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Among Adults Who Received Medical Treatment from Public Hospitals in Resource-Poor Community Tigray, Ethiopia.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
- The heterogeneous pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2019Review
- Type 1 Diabetes in a Resource-Poor Setting: Malnutrition Related, Malnutrition Modified, or Just Diabetes?Current diabetes reports · 2018Review
- Risks of asphyxia-related neonatal complications in offspring of mothers with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: the impact of maternal overweight and obesity.Diabetologia · 2017Article
- Nitrate-nitrite-nitrosamines exposure and the risk of type 1 diabetes: A review of current data.World journal of diabetes · 2016Review
- Trends in diabetes in pregnancy in Sweden 1998-2012.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2016Article
- National trends in acute kidney injury requiring dialysis in England between 1998 and 2013.Kidney international · 2015Article
- Maternal overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes in offspring of parents without diabetes regardless of ethnicity.Diabetologia · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the trends and the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in the offspring of Swedes and immigrants by specific parental migration background, age, sex and birth cohort.
designRegistry-based cohort study.
settingUsing Swedish nationwide data we analysed the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in 3 457 486 female and 3 641 304 male offspring between 0 and 30 years of age, born to native Swedes or immigrants and born and living in Sweden between 1969 and 2009. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs using Poisson regression models. We further calculated age-standardised rates (ASRs) of type 1 diabetes, using the world population as standard.
resultsWe observed a trend of increasing ASRs among offspring below 15 years of age born to native Swedes and a less evident increase among offspring of immigrants. We further observed a shift towards a younger age at diagnosis in younger birth cohorts in both groups of offspring.Compared with offspring of Swedes, children (0-14 years) and young adults (15-30 years) with one parent born abroad had an overall 30% and 15-20% lower IRR, respectively, after multivariable adjustment. The reduction in IRR was even greater among offspring of immigrants if both parents were born abroad. Analysis by specific parental region of birth revealed a 45-60% higher IRR among male and female offspring aged 0-30 years of Eastern Africa.
conclusionsParental country of birth and early exposures to environmental factors play an important role in the aetiology of type 1 diabetes.
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