ReviewCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2014
The evolution of X chromosome inactivation in mammals: the demise of Ohno's hypothesis?
Review in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Widespread male-female expression imbalance of X-linked genes across phrynosomatid lizards.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Mixed Evidence that Dosage Sensitive Genes Drive Global Dosage Compensation in Flour Beetles.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Escape from X-chromosome inactivation: from gene discovery to regulatory mechanisms.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Hbo1 and Msl complexes preserve differential compaction and H3K27me3 marking of active and inactive X chromosomes during mitosis.Nature cell biology · 2025Article
- Sex-biased transcriptome in in vitro produced bovine early embryos.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Xist condensates: perspectives for therapeutic intervention.Genome biology · 2025Review
- Gene Dosage Sensitivity and Human Genetic Diseases.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2025Review
- Repeated Evolution of Transcript Dosage Compensation of Independently Formed Nematode Neo-X Chromosomes.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Dynamics of X chromosome hyper-expression and inactivation in male tissues during stick insect development.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Human Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Data Supports the Hypothesis of X Chromosome Insensitivity but Is Ineffective in Testing the Dosage Compensation Model.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Sex Chromosome Evolution: Hallmarks and Question Marks.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Review
- Compensation of gene dosage on the mammalian X.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Review
- Gene dosage compensation: Origins, criteria to identify compensated genes, and mechanisms including sensor loops as an emerging systems-level property in cancer.Cancer medicine · 2023Review
- The compleX balancing act of controlling X-chromosome dosage and how it impacts mammalian germline development.The Biochemical journal · 2023Article
- The RNA helicase DDX3 and its role in c-MYC driven germinal center-derived B-cell lymphoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Single-cell analysis reveals X upregulation is not global in pre-gastrulation embryos.iScience · 2022Article
- Dosage compensation evolution in plants: theories, controversies and mechanisms.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Gene regulation in time and space during X-chromosome inactivation.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2022Review
- Epigenetics drive the evolution of sex chromosomes in animals and plants.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
- Evidence for Dosage Compensation inGenes · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ohno's hypothesis states that dosage compensation in mammals evolved in two steps: a twofold hyperactivation of the X chromosome in both sexes to compensate for gene losses on the Y chromosome, and silencing of one X (X-chromosome inactivation, XCI) in females to restore optimal dosage. Recent tests of this hypothesis have returned contradictory results. In this review, we explain this ongoing controversy and argue that a novel view on dosage compensation evolution in mammals is starting to emerge. Ohno's hypothesis may be true for a few, dosage-sensitive genes only. If so few genes are compensated, then why has XCI evolved as a chromosome-wide mechanism? This and several other questions raised by the new data in mammals are discussed, and future research directions are proposed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.