ArticleJournal of virology2014
Apolipoprotein E codetermines tissue tropism of hepatitis C virus and is crucial for viral cell-to-cell transmission by contributing to a postenvelopment step of assembly.
Article in Journal of virology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nicotinamide metabolism is essential for Hepatitis C Virus replication and the production of infectious Lipo-Viro-Particles.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Effects of the subtypes of apolipoprotein E on immune inhibition and prognosis in patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024Article
- The low-density lipoprotein receptor and apolipoprotein E associated with CCHFV particles mediate CCHFV entry into cells.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Apolipoprotein E and viral infection: Risks and Mechanisms.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Review
- Endosomal egress and intercellular transmission of hepatic ApoE-containing lipoproteins and its exploitation by the hepatitis C virus.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Apolipoprotein E, a Crucial Cellular Protein in the Lifecycle of Hepatitis Viruses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Characterization of RNA Sensing Pathways in Hepatoma Cell Lines and Primary Human Hepatocytes.Cells · 2021Article
- Hepatitis C Virus Uses Host Lipids to Its Own Advantage.Metabolites · 2021Review
- HCV Assembly and Egress via Modifications in Host Lipid Metabolic Systems.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- P108 and T109 on E2 Glycoprotein Domain I Are Critical for the Adaptation of Classical Swine Fever Virus to Rabbits but Not for Virulence in Pigs.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- The ATGL lipase cooperates with ABHD5 to mobilize lipids for hepatitis C virus assembly.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Review
- Hepatitis C Virus Entry: An Intriguingly Complex and Highly Regulated Process.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Apolipoprotein C1: Its Pleiotropic Effects in Lipid Metabolism and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Phosphatidylserine-Specific Phospholipase A1 is the Critical Bridge for Hepatitis C Virus Assembly.Virologica Sinica · 2019Article
- Human apolipoprotein E promotes hepatitis B virus infection and production.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- The remarkable history of the hepatitis C virus.Genes and immunity · 2019Review
- The Role of ApoE in HCV Infection and Comorbidity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- HCV Pit Stop at the Lipid Droplet: Refuel Lipids and Put on a Lipoprotein Coat before Exit.Cells · 2019Review
- Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-Apolipoprotein Interactions and Immune Evasion and Their Impact on HCV Vaccine Design.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) predominantly infects human hepatocytes, although extrahepatic virus reservoirs are being discussed. Infection of cells is initiated via cell-free and direct cell-to-cell transmission routes. Cell type-specific determinants of HCV entry and RNA replication have been reported. Moreover, several host factors required for synthesis and secretion of lipoproteins from liver cells, in part expressed in tissue-specific fashion, have been implicated in HCV assembly. However, the minimal cell type-specific requirements for HCV assembly have remained elusive. Here we report that production of HCV trans-complemented particles (HCVTCP) from nonliver cells depends on ectopic expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE). For efficient virus production by full-length HCV genomes, microRNA 122 (miR-122)-mediated enhancement of RNA replication is additionally required. Typical properties of cell culture-grown HCV (HCVcc) particles from ApoE-expressing nonliver cells are comparable to those of virions derived from human hepatoma cells, although specific infectivity of virions is modestly reduced. Thus, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP), and apolipoprotein C1 (ApoC1), previously implicated in HCV assembly, are dispensable for production of infectious HCV. In the absence of ApoE, release of core protein from infected cells is reduced, and production of extracellular as well as intracellular infectivity is ablated. Since envelopment of capsids was not impaired, we conclude that ApoE acts after capsid envelopment but prior to secretion of infectious HCV. Remarkably, the lack of ApoE also abrogated direct HCV cell-to-cell transmission. These findings highlight ApoE as a host factor codetermining HCV tissue tropism due to its involvement in a late assembly step and viral cell-to-cell transmission.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.