Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24172297›Full record

SynthesisThe American journal of clinical nutrition2014

Effects of anti-obesity drugs, diet, and exercise on weight-loss maintenance after a very-low-calorie diet or low-calorie diet: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Kari Johansson, Martin Neovius, Erik Hemmingsson

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02635659 (The Effect of an Encapsulated Nutrient Mixture on Ileal Brake Activation), which is not on this map. Cited by 105 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
105citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
21.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02635659 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of an Encapsulated Nutrient Mixture on Ileal Brake Activation: A Double-blind Randomized Study to Investigate the Effects on Body Weight, Food Intake and Satiety.

TypeinterventionalSponsorMaastricht University Medical CenterRan2015 to 2016Enrolled62ConditionsBody Weight DecreasedArmsEncapsulated nutrients, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

105 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 239 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Obesity in South and Southeast Asia-A new consensus on care and management.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023
    Guideline
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Trial

45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kari JohanssonClinical Epidemiology Unit (KJ and MN) and the Obesity Center (EH), Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Martin Neovius
Erik Hemmingsson
Karolinska Institutet · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWeight-loss maintenance remains a major challenge in obesity treatment.

objectiveThe objective was to evaluate the effects of anti-obesity drugs, diet, or exercise on weight-loss maintenance after an initial very-low-calorie diet (VLCD)/low-calorie diet (LCD) period (<1000 kcal/d).

designWe conducted a systematic review by using MEDLINE, the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register, and EMBASE from January 1981 to February 2013. We included randomized controlled trials that evaluated weight-loss maintenance strategies after a VLCD/LCD period. Two authors performed independent data extraction by using a predefined data template. All pooled analyses were based on random-effects models.

resultsTwenty studies with a total of 27 intervention arms and 3017 participants were included with the following treatment categories: anti-obesity drugs (3 arms; n = 658), meal replacements (4 arms; n = 322), high-protein diets (6 arms; n = 865), dietary supplements (6 arms; n = 261), other diets (3 arms; n = 564), and exercise (5 arms; n = 347). During the VLCD/LCD period, the pooled mean weight change was -12.3 kg (median duration: 8 wk; range 3-16 wk). Compared with controls, anti-obesity drugs improved weight-loss maintenance by 3.5 kg [95% CI: 1.5, 5.5 kg; median duration: 18 mo (12-36 mo)], meal replacements by 3.9 kg [95% CI: 2.8, 5.0 kg; median duration: 12 mo (10-26 mo)], and high-protein diets by 1.5 kg [95% CI: 0.8, 2.1 kg; median duration: 5 mo (3-12 mo)]. Exercise [0.8 kg; 95% CI: -1.2, 2.8 kg; median duration: 10 mo (6-12 mo)] and dietary supplements [0.0 kg; 95% CI: -1.4, 1.4 kg; median duration: 3 mo (3-14 mo)] did not significantly improve weight-loss maintenance compared with control.

conclusionAnti-obesity drugs, meal replacements, and high-protein diets were associated with improved weight-loss maintenance after a VLCD/LCD period, whereas no significant improvements were seen for dietary supplements and exercise.

Indexed as

Caloric RestrictionExerciseFeeding BehaviorAnti-Obesity AgentsDatabases, FactualEnergy IntakeHumansMealsObesityRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeWeight LossAnti-Obesity Agents

Identifiers

PMID24172297
PMCPMC3862452
OpenAlexW2155231441

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.