ArticleUpsala journal of medical sciences2014
Escalated handling of young C57BL/6 mice results in altered Morris water maze performance.
Article in Upsala journal of medical sciences, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Failure of senolytic treatment to prevent cognitive decline in a female rodent model of aging.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Longitudinal Studies on Alzheimer Disease Mouse Models with Multiple Tracer PET/CT: Application of Reduction and Refinement Principles in Daily Practice to Safeguard Animal Welfare during Progressive Aging.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Decreased levels of discomfort in repeatedly handled mice during experimental procedures, assessed by facial expressions.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Characterisation of the Mouse Cerebellar Proteome in the GFAP-IL6 Model of Chronic Neuroinflammation.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2022Article
- Evolution of an increased performance under acute challenge does not exacerbate vulnerability to chronic stress.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The impact of handling technique and handling frequency on laboratory mouse welfare is sex-specific.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Performance on the mouse vibration actuating search task is compromised by sleep deprivation.Journal of neurophysiology · 2020Article
- Tunnel use facilitates handling of ICR mice and decreases experimental variation.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2018Article
- Distinct Phenotypes ofFrontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2018Review
- Optimising reliability of mouse performance in behavioural testing: the major role of non-aversive handling.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Introducing Clicker Training as a Cognitive Enrichment for Laboratory Mice.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2017Article
- RPS23RG1 reduces Aβ oligomer-induced synaptic and cognitive deficits.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- An Exploration Based Cognitive Bias Test for Mice: Effects of Handling Method and Stereotypic Behaviour.PloS one · 2015Article
- Imatinib treatment reduces brain injury in a murine model of traumatic brain injury.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2015Article
- Comparison of Neurological Function in Males and Females from Two Substrains of C57BL/6 Mice.Toxics · 2015Article
- Learning and memory retention deficits in prepubertal guinea pigs prenatally exposed to low levels of the organophosphorus insecticide malathion.Neurotoxicology and teratologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe handling of experimental animals prior to experimental interventions is often poorly described, even though it may affect the final functional outcome. This study explores how the use of repeated handling of C57BL/6 mice prior to Morris water maze (MWM) tests can affect the performance. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The handled animals were subjected to the escalating handling protocol, with the investigator spending 5 min per day per cage for 8 days prior to the MWM test. On the last days of handling, the mice were introduced to water and the concept of a hidden platform. The MWM test consisted of four daily trials for 90 s per day for 4 days with a hidden platform. A probe test was performed 4 days after the last learning trial. Control animals were not handled prior to MWM.
resultsHandling reduced the latency to find the platform on the first 2 days of the MWM tests and reduced thigmotaxis. The mice increased their swim speed and elicited more explorative behavior in the learning trials and to some lesser extent in the probe trials.
conclusionsThe improvement in MWM navigation was most likely due to reduced stress and anxiety regarding the investigator and the test. Handled mice displayed less variability than non-handled mice, suggesting that by using a controlled handling protocol prior to the experiments fewer C57BL/6 mice would be needed to achieve statistically significant differences in studies of learning and spatial memory using MWM.
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