ArticleInternational journal of health geographics2013
A country bug in the city: urban infestation by the Chagas disease vector Triatoma infestans in Arequipa, Peru.
Article in International journal of health geographics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urban vectors of Chagas disease in the American continent: A systematic review of epidemiological surveys.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- An immune system for the city: A cluster-randomized trial of a new paradigm for surveillance and control of disease vectors.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Trial
- The urban Triatoma infestans challenge: integrative insights for vector control and Chagas prevention policies in San Juan, Argentina.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Triatoma venosa and Panstrongylus geniculatus challenge the certification of interruption of vectorial Trypanosoma cruzi transmission by Rhodnius prolixus in eastern Colombia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- The epidemiology of Chagas disease in the Americas.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Review
- First Report of Chagas Disease Vector Species Triatoma sanguisuga (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in Delaware.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Irrigation, migration and infestation: a case study of Chagas disease vectors and bed bugs in El Pedregal, Peru.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2024Article
- An effective internet-based system for surveillance and elimination of triatomine insects: AlertaChirimacha.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- DomesticInsects · 2022Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and serological status related to Chagas disease among Latin American migrants in Germany: A cross-sectional study in six German cities.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Chagas disease control-surveillance in the Americas: the multinational initiatives and the practical impossibility of interrupting vector-borne Trypanosoma cruzi transmission.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2022Article
- Chagas disease in the context of the 2030 agenda: global warming and vectors.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2022Article
- In the heart of the city: Trypanosoma cruzi infection prevalence in rodents across New Orleans.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Elucidating the Mechanism ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2020Article
- Clinical and epidemiological aspects of chronic Chagas disease from Southern Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2020Article
- Risk maps for cities: Incorporating streets into geostatistical models.Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology · 2018Article
- Integrating evidence, models and maps to enhance Chagas disease vector surveillance.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Frequent house invasion of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected triatomines in a suburban area of Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Article
- Population structure of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma infestans in an urban environment.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Article
- Residual infestation and recolonization during urban Triatoma infestans Bug Control Campaign, Peru.Emerging infectious diseases · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInterruption of vector-borne transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi remains an unrealized objective in many Latin American countries. The task of vector control is complicated by the emergence of vector insects in urban areas.
methodsUtilizing data from a large-scale vector control program in Arequipa, Peru, we explored the spatial patterns of infestation by Triatoma infestans in an urban and peri-urban landscape. Multilevel logistic regression was utilized to assess the associations between household infestation and household- and locality-level socio-environmental measures.
resultsOf 37,229 households inspected for infestation, 6,982 (18.8%; 95% CI: 18.4 - 19.2%) were infested by T. infestans. Eighty clusters of infestation were identified, ranging in area from 0.1 to 68.7 hectares and containing as few as one and as many as 1,139 infested households. Spatial dependence between infested households was significant at distances up to 2,000 meters. Household T. infestans infestation was associated with household- and locality-level factors, including housing density, elevation, land surface temperature, and locality type.
conclusionsHigh levels of T. infestans infestation, characterized by spatial heterogeneity, were found across extensive urban and peri-urban areas prior to vector control. Several environmental and social factors, which may directly or indirectly influence the biology and behavior of T. infestans, were associated with infestation. Spatial clustering of infestation in the urban context may both challenge and inform surveillance and control of vector reemergence after insecticide intervention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.