Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24169657›Full record

Trial reportThe British journal of ophthalmology2014

Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact (DISC) lens slows myopia progression in Hong Kong Chinese schoolchildren: a 2-year randomised clinical trial.

Carly Siu Yin Lam, Wing Chun Tang, Dennis Yan-Yin Tse, Ying Yung Tang, Chi Ho To

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 159 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
159citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00919334 phase1completednot on this map

Control of Myopia Progression in Myopic Children Using Simultaneous Vision Approach

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityRan2007 to 2011Enrolled100ConditionsMyopiaArmsDefocus Incorporated Soft Contact (DISC) lens
NCT02643758 naterminatednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Randomised Clinical Trial: Myopia Control Using Soft Bifocal Lenses

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityRan2016 to 2018Enrolled97ConditionsMyopiaArmsBifocal soft contact lenses
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

159 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  7. Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020
    Pooled it
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  13. Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses in UK children: Outcomes from a 2-year multi-site interventional trial.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Trial
  14. Myopia control efficacy of individualised ocular refraction customisation spectacle lenses: A 2-year follow-up study.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Trial
  15. Myopia control using a modified optical defocus soft contact lens in schoolchildren-A 12-month randomised double masked control trial.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
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99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Carly Siu Yin LamCentre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, , Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Wing Chun Tang
Dennis Yan-Yin Tse
Ying Yung Tang
Chi Ho To

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo determine if 'Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact' (DISC) lens wear slows childhood myopia progression.

methodsA 2-year double-blind randomised controlled trial was carried out in 221 children aged 8-13 years, with myopia between -1.00 and -5.00 Dioptres (D) and astigmatism ≤1.00 D. Subjects were randomly assigned to the DISC (n=111) or single vision (SV; n=110) contact lens group. DISC lenses incorporated concentric rings, which provided an addition of +2.50 D, alternating with the normal distance correction. Refractive error (cycloplegic autorefraction) and axial length were measured at 6-month intervals. Differences between groups were analysed using unpaired t test.

resultsIn total, 128 children completed the study, n=65 in the DISC group and n=63 in the SV group. Myopia progressed 25% more slowly for children in the DISC group compared with those in the control group (0.30 D/year; 95% CI -0.71 to -0.47 vs 0.4 D/year; 95% CI -0.93 to -0.65, p=0.031). Likewise, there was less axial elongation for children in the DISC versus SV groups (0.13 mm/year; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.31 vs 0.18 mm/year; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.43, p=0.009). Treatment effect correlated positively with DISC lens wearing time (r=0.342; p=0.005). Indeed, myopia in children who wore the DISC lenses for five or more hours/day progressed 46% (mean difference=-0.382 D, p=0.001; 95% CI -0.59 to -0.17) less than those in the SV group.

conclusionsThe daily wearing of DISC lens significantly slowed myopia progression and axial elongation in Hong Kong schoolchildren. The findings demonstrated that simultaneous clear vision with constant myopic defocus can retard myopia progression.

Indexed as

Contact Lenses, HydrophilicAdolescentAxial Length, EyeChildDisease ProgressionDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHong KongHumansMaleMyopiaProspective StudiesRefraction, OcularChild Health (Paediatrics)Clinical TrialContact LensOptics and Refraction

Identifiers

PMID24169657
PMCPMC3888618

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.