ArticleBritish journal of cancer2014
Choline and betaine intakes are associated with reduced risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adults: a case-control study.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Choline and betaine consumption lowers cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- The association of dietary choline intakes with cognitive function among the older people in underdeveloped regions: findings from the NCDFaC study.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Choline-An Essential Nutrient with Health Benefits and a Signaling Molecule.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Betaine Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Invasion in OSCC Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Betaine and I-LG may have a predictive value for ATB: A causal study in a large European population.PloS one · 2024Article
- Association between nutrient intake related to the one-carbon metabolism and colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study in the Basque Country.European journal of nutrition · 2023Observational
- PEGylated Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Betaine and Nedaplatin Hamper Breast Cancer: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.ACS omega · 2023Article
- The association of serum betaine concentrations with the risk of new-onset cancers: results from two independent nested case-control studies.Nutrition & metabolism · 2023Article
- Metabolomic epidemiology offers insights into disease aetiology.Nature metabolism · 2023Review
- Dietary choline and sphingomyelin choline moiety intake and risk of colorectal cancer: a case-control study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- Aberrant miR-874-3p/leptin/EGFR/c-Myc signaling contributes to nasopharyngeal carcinoma pathogenesis.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Article
- Adiponectin suppresses tumor growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through activating AMPK signaling pathway.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Role of betaine in inhibiting the induction of RNA Pol III gene transcription and cell growth caused by alcohol.Chemico-biological interactions · 2020Article
- Use of STAT6 Phosphorylation Inhibitor and Trimethylglycine as New Adjuvant Therapies for 5-Fluorouracil in Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Conventional and Unconventional Therapeutic Strategies for Sialidosis Type I.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Serum choline is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma survival: a prospective cohort study.Nutrition & metabolism · 2020Article
- Betaine suppresses cell proliferation by increasing oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis and inflammation in DU-145 human prostate cancer cell line.Cell stress & chaperones · 2019Article
- Body mass index, body shape, and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A population-based case-control study in Southern China.Cancer medicine · 2019Article
- Review
- Betaine in Inflammation: Mechanistic Aspects and Applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntakes of choline and betaine have been inversely related to the risk of various neoplasms, but scant data exist on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We examined the association between consumption of choline and betaine and risk of NPC.
methodsWe conducted a case-control study with 600 incident NPC patients and 600 controls 1 : 1 matched by age, sex and household type in Guangdong, China. Dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire through face-to-face interview.
resultsIntakes of total choline, betaine and choline+betaine were inversely related to NPC after adjustment for various lifestyle and dietary factors (all P-trend <0.001). Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for quartile 4 (vs quartile 1) were 0.42 (0.29, 0.61) for total choline, 0.50 (0.35, 0.72) for betaine and 0.44 (0.30, 0.64) for betaine+total choline. Regarding various sources of choline, lower NPC risk was associated with greater intakes of choline from phosphatidylcholine, free choline, glycerophosphocholine and phosphocholine, but not sphingomyelin.
conclusionThese findings are consistent with a beneficial effect of choline and betaine intakes on carcinogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.