ArticleJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA2013
Billing code algorithms to identify cases of peripheral artery disease from administrative data.
Article in Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed.
- Artificial Intelligence of Arterial Doppler Waveforms to Predict Major Adverse Outcomes Among Patients Evaluated for Peripheral Artery Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Trial
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- Generalizability of the CASTLE-AF trial: Catheter ablation for patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure in routine practice.Heart rhythm · 2020Trial
- Cumulative Metabolic Exposure to Hyperglycemia and Risk of Cardiovascular and Limb Events in Peripheral Artery Disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Extending the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model to Support Observational Peripheral Vascular Disease Research.The Journal of surgical research · 2026Observational
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- Improved Cardiometabolic Health with Uterine-Preserving Fibroid Treatment Compared to Hysterectomy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Blood Pressure and Risk of Clinical Events in Peripheral Artery Disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Comparison of New-Onset Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Exposed to Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors, or Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Leveraging undecided cases in chart-reviewed phenotypes to enhance EHR-based association studies.Journal of biomedical informatics · 2025Article
- Long-Term Outcomes of Peripheral Artery Disease in Veterans: Analysis of the Peripheral Artery Disease Long-Term Survival Study (PEARLS).Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Statins and long-term risk of revision surgery after total hip arthroplasty in osteoarthritis: a multi-source data linkage study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Real-World Vein Mapping Practice Patterns Before Endovascular Treatment of Limb Ischemia.The Journal of surgical research · 2024Article
- Long-term Outcomes of Peripheral Artery Disease In Veterans: Analysis of the PEripheral ARtery Disease Long-term Survival Study (PEARLS).medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Building and validating trend-based multiple sclerosis case definitions: a population-based cohort study for Manitoba, Canada.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Social Determinants of Health Mediate Racial Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease in Men With Prostate Cancer.JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
- Association of Glomerular Filtration Rate Decline With Clinical Outcomes in a Population With Type 2 Diabetes.Canadian journal of kidney health and disease · 2024Article
- Eligibility and Implementation of Rivaroxaban for Secondary Prevention of Atherothrombosis in Clinical Practice-Insights From the CANHEART Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- Modeling electronic health record data using an end-to-end knowledge-graph-informed topic model.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Comparison to Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo construct and validate billing code algorithms for identifying patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
methodsWe extracted all encounters and line item details including PAD-related billing codes at Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota, between July 1, 1997 and June 30, 2008; 22 712 patients evaluated in the vascular laboratory were divided into training and validation sets. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to create an integer code score from the training dataset, and this was tested in the validation set. We applied a model-based code algorithm to patients evaluated in the vascular laboratory and compared this with a simpler algorithm (presence of at least one of the ICD-9 PAD codes 440.20-440.29). We also applied both algorithms to a community-based sample (n=4420), followed by a manual review.
resultsThe logistic regression model performed well in both training and validation datasets (c statistic=0.91). In patients evaluated in the vascular laboratory, the model-based code algorithm provided better negative predictive value. The simpler algorithm was reasonably accurate for identification of PAD status, with lesser sensitivity and greater specificity. In the community-based sample, the sensitivity (38.7% vs 68.0%) of the simpler algorithm was much lower, whereas the specificity (92.0% vs 87.6%) was higher than the model-based algorithm.
conclusionsA model-based billing code algorithm had reasonable accuracy in identifying PAD cases from the community, and in patients referred to the non-invasive vascular laboratory. The simpler algorithm had reasonable accuracy for identification of PAD in patients referred to the vascular laboratory but was significantly less sensitive in a community-based sample.
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