Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24165394›Full record

ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2014

Medical and economic burden of influenza in the elderly population in central and eastern European countries.

Gábor Kovács, Zoltán Kaló, Karina Jahnz-Rozyk, Jan Kyncl, Agnes Csohan, Adriana Pistol, Mariya Leleka, Rafail Kipshakbaev, Laure Durand, Bérengère Macabeo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Flu Vaccinations in Pharmacies-A Review of Pharmacists Fighting Pandemics and Infectious Diseases.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Advances in measuring influenza burden of disease.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2018
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. The spatiotemporal characteristics of influenza A and B in the WHO European Region: can one define influenza transmission zones in Europe?Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2017
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Gábor KovácsSyreon Research Institute; Budapest, Hungary.
Zoltán KalóSyreon Research Institute; Budapest, Hungary.
Karina Jahnz-RozykMilitary Institute of Medicine; Warsaw, Poland.
Jan KynclNational Institute of Public Health; Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology; Prague, Czech Republic.
Agnes CsohanBela Johan National Center for Epidemiology; Budapest, Hungary.
Adriana PistolNational Institute of Public Health; Bucuresti, Romania.
Mariya LelekaI. Ya.Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University; Ternopil, Ukraine.
Rafail KipshakbaevISPOR Chapter Kazakhstan; Astana, Kazakhstan.
Laure DurandSanofi Pasteur; Lyon, France.
Bérengère MacabeoSanofi Pasteur; Lyon, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Influenza affects 5-15% of the population during an epidemic. In Western Europe, vaccination of at-risk groups forms the cornerstone of influenza prevention. However, vaccination coverage of the elderly (> 65 y) is often low in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE); potentially because a paucity of country-specific data limits evidence-based policy making. Therefore the medical and economic burden of influenza were estimated in elderly populations in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Poland, Romania, and Ukraine. Data covering national influenza vaccination policies, surveillance and reporting, healthcare costs, populations, and epidemiology were obtained via literature review, open-access websites and databases, and interviews with experts. A simplified model of patient treatment flow incorporating cost, population, and incidence/prevalence data was used to calculate the influenza burden per country. In the elderly, influenza represented a large burden on the assessed healthcare systems, with yearly excess hospitalization rates of ~30/100,000. Burden varied between countries and was likely influenced by population size, surveillance system, healthcare provision, and vaccine coverage. The greatest burden was found in Poland, where direct costs were over EUR 5 million. Substantial differences in data availability and quality were identified, and to fully quantify the burden of influenza in CEE, influenza reporting systems should be standardized. This study most probably underestimates the real burden of influenza, however the public health problem is recognized worldwide, and will further increase with population aging. Extending influenza vaccination of the elderly may be a cost-effective way to reduce the burden of influenza in CEE.

Indexed as

Health Care CostsAgedAged, 80 and overEuropeHumansIncidenceInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesMalePrevalenceVaccinationInfluenza Vaccinescost of illnesselderlyhealth care systeminfluenzapublic healthvaccination

Identifiers

PMID24165394
PMCPMC4185899

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.