ReviewJournal of drug targeting2013
Brain delivery of proteins via their fatty acid and block copolymer modifications.
Review in Journal of drug targeting, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural Engineering of Tyrosine-Based Neuroprotective Peptides: A New Strategy for Efficient Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Neuro-nanotechnology: diagnostic and therapeutic nano-based strategies in applied neuroscience.Biomedical engineering online · 2023Review
- Delivery across the blood-brain barrier: nanomedicine for glioblastoma multiforme.Drug delivery and translational research · 2020Review
- Intranasal delivery of N-terminal modified leptin-pluronic conjugate for treatment of obesity.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2017Article
- Individual Amino Acid Supplementation Can Improve Energy Metabolism and Decrease ROS Production in Neuronal Cells Overexpressing Alpha-Synuclein.Neuromolecular medicine · 2017Article
- From blood-brain barrier to blood-brain interface: new opportunities for CNS drug delivery.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2016Review
- Novel formulations for antimicrobial peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2014Review
- Agile delivery of protein therapeutics to CNS.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2014Review
- Immunological barriers to stem cell therapy in the central nervous system.Stem cells international · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
It is well known that hydrophobic small molecules penetrate cell membranes better than hydrophilic molecules. Amphiphilic molecules that dissolve both in lipid and aqueous phases are best suited for membrane transport. Transport of biomacromolecules across physiological barriers, e.g. the blood-brain barrier, is greatly complicated by the unique structure and function of such barriers. Two decades ago we adopted a simple philosophy that to increase protein delivery to the brain one needs to modify this protein with hydrophobic moieties. With this general idea we began modifying proteins (antibodies, enzymes, hormones, etc.) with either hydrophobic fatty acid residues or amphiphilic block copolymer moieties, such as poy(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (pluronics or poloxamers) and more recently, poly(2-oxasolines). This simple approach has resulted in impressive successes in CNS drug delivery. We present a retrospective overview of these works initiated in the Soviet Union in 1980s, and then continued in the United States and other countries. Notably some of the early findings were later corroborated by brain pharmacokinetic data. Industrial development of several drug candidates employing these strategies has followed. Overall modification by hydrophobic fatty acids residues or amphiphilic block copolymers represents a promising and relatively safe strategy to deliver proteins to the brain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.