ArticleStroke2013
Activated protein C analog protects from ischemic stroke and extends the therapeutic window of tissue-type plasminogen activator in aged female mice and hypertensive rats.
Article in Stroke, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antithrombotic Agents for tPA-Induced Cerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Selecting Patients for Intra-Arterial Therapy in the Context of a Clinical Trial for Neuroprotection.Stroke · 2016Trial
- Effects of acute biperiden treatment following traumatic brain injury in male rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Differential Vulnerability and Response to Injury among Brain Cell Types Comprising the Neurovascular Unit.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Diabetes and the treatment of ischemic stroke.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2022Review
- Protection of ischemic white matter and oligodendrocytes in mice by 3K3A-activated protein C.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2022Article
- 3K3A-Activated Protein C Protects the Blood-Brain Barrier and Neurons From Accelerated Ischemic Injury Caused by Pericyte Deficiency in Mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- The Role of Thrombin in Brain Injury After Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Stroke.Translational stroke research · 2021Review
- Mild traumatic brain injury induces microvascular injury and accelerates Alzheimer-like pathogenesis in mice.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2021Article
- Stroke Treatment With PAR-1 Agents to Decrease Hemorrhagic Transformation.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Emerging neuroprotective strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke: An overview of clinical and preclinical studies.Experimental neurology · 2021Review
- 3K3A-Activated Protein C Variant Does Not Interfere With the Plasma Clot Lysis Activity of Tenecteplase.Stroke · 2020Article
- Novel approaches for the delivery of therapeutics in ischemic stroke.Drug discovery today · 2020Review
- The Next Step in the Treatment of Stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
- Activated Protein C Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Progression by Enhancing Vascular Integrity and Suppressing Microglial Activation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Endothelial Targets in Stroke: Translating Animal Models to Human.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2019Review
- Neuroprotection and vasculoprotection using genetically targeted protease-ligands.Brain research · 2019Article
- TRIM9-Mediated Resolution of Neuroinflammation Confers Neuroprotection upon Ischemic Stroke in Mice.Cell reports · 2019Article
- 3K3A-activated protein C blocks amyloidogenic BACE1 pathway and improves functional outcome in mice.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
background and purpose3K3A-activated protein C (APC) protects young, healthy male rodents after ischemic stroke. 3K3A-APC is currently under development as a neuroprotectant for acute ischemic stroke in humans. Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable recommends that after initial studies in young, healthy male animals, further studies should be performed in females, aged animals, and animals with comorbid conditions. Here, we studied the effects of delayed 3KA-APC therapy alone and with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) in aged female mice and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
methodsWe used Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable recommendations for ensuring good scientific inquiry. Murine recombinant 3K3A-APC (0.2 mg/kg) alone or with recombinant tPA (10 mg/kg) was given intravenously 4 hours after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in aged female mice and rats and after embolic stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rat. 3K3A-APC was additionally administered within 3 to 7 days after stroke. The neuropathological analysis and neurological scores, foot-fault, forelimb asymmetry, and adhesive removal tests were performed within 7 and 28 days of stroke.
resultsIn all models, tPA alone had no effects on the infarct volume or behavior. 3K3A-APC alone or with tPA reduced the infarct volume 7 days after the middle cerebral artery occlusion in aged female mice and embolic stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rat by 62% to 66% and 50% to 53%, respectively, significantly improved (P<0.05) behavior, and eliminated tPA-induced intracerebral microhemorrhages. In aged female mice, 3K3A-APC was protective within 4 weeks of stroke.
conclusions3K3A-APC protects from ischemic stroke and extends the therapeutic window of tPA in aged female mice and in spontaneously hypertensive rat with a comorbid condition.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.