Trial reportPloS one2013
Vaccine-induced boosting of influenza virus-specific CD4 T cells in younger and aged humans.
Trial report in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nine μg intradermal influenza vaccine and 15 μg intramuscular influenza vaccine induce similar cellular and humoral immune responses in adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Trial
- Article
- Cellular Immune Response after Vaccination in Patients with Cancer-Review on Past and Present Experiences.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals following mRNA vaccination.Science immunology · 2021Article
- Mass Cytometry Defines Virus-Specific CD4ImmunoHorizons · 2020Article
- Review
- Article
- Diminished B-Cell Response After Repeat Influenza Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Poor Immunogenicity, Not Vaccine Strain Egg Adaptation, May Explain the Low H3N2 Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in 2012-2013.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Augmented CD4NPJ vaccines · 2018Article
- Different Repeat Annual Influenza Vaccinations Improve the Antibody Response to Drifted Influenza Strains.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- The Predominant CD4Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- Successive annual influenza vaccination induces a recurrent oligoclonotypic memory response in circulating T follicular helper cells.Science immunology · 2017Article
- Immunologic response to vaccine challenge in pregnant PTPN22 R620W carriers and non-carriers.PloS one · 2017Article
- Autoimmune Variant PTPN22 C1858T Is Associated With Impaired Responses to Influenza Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Article
- T-Cell Immunity to Influenza in Older Adults: A Pathophysiological Framework for Development of More Effective Vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- Cell culture-based influenza vaccines: A necessary and indispensable investment for the future.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Current yearly influenza virus vaccines induce strain-specific neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses providing protective immunity to closely matched viruses. However, these vaccines are often poorly effective in high-risk groups such as the elderly and challenges exist in predicting yearly or emerging pandemic influenza virus strains to include in the vaccines. Thus, there has been considerable emphasis on understanding broadly protective immunological mechanisms for influenza virus. Recent studies have implicated memory CD4 T cells in heterotypic immunity in animal models and in human challenge studies. Here we examined how influenza virus vaccination boosted CD4 T cell responses in younger versus aged humans. Our results demonstrate that while the magnitude of the vaccine-induced CD4 T cell response and number of subjects responding on day 7 did not differ between younger and aged subjects, fewer aged subjects had peak responses on day 14. While CD4 T cell responses were inefficiently boosted against NA, both HA and especially nucleocaspid protein- and matrix-(NP+M) specific responses were robustly boosted. Pre-existing CD4 T cell responses were associated with more robust responses to influenza virus NP+M, but not H1 or H3. Finally pre-existing strain-specific NAb decreased the boosting of CD4 T cell responses. Thus, accumulation of pre-existing influenza virus-specific immunity in the form of NAb and cross-reactive T cells to conserved virus proteins (e.g. NP and M) over a lifetime of exposure to infection and vaccination may influence vaccine-induced CD4 T cell responses in the aged.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.