ReviewFrontiers in immunology2013
Recognition of Extracellular Bacteria by NLRs and Its Role in the Development of Adaptive Immunity.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- NLRC3 Attenuates Antiviral Innate Immune Response by Targeting IRF7 in Grass Carp (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Role of Sterile Inflammation in Thrombosis: Consequences for Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Review
- Structure shows that the BIR2 domain of E3 ligase XIAP binds across the RIPK2 kinase dimer interface.Life science alliance · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Genomics-Based Approaches for the Development of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen Vaccines.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Teleost NOD-like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways: A brief review.Fish and shellfish immunology reports · 2022Review
- Nano-fats for bugs: the benefits of lipid nanoparticles for antimicrobial therapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- The Role of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases and Deubiquitinases in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Friend or Foe?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Distinct Signaling Pathways Between Human Macrophages and Primary Gingival Epithelial Cells byPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Review
- Review
- Differential expression of immune receptors in two marine sponges upon exposure to microbial-associated molecular patterns.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- MIS416 as a siRNA Delivery System with the Ability to Target Antigen-Presenting Cells.Nucleic acid therapeutics · 2018Article
- Distinct Immunologic Properties of Soluble Versus Particulate Antigens.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- NLRP12 modulates host defense through IL-17A-CXCL1 axis.Mucosal immunology · 2016Article
- Association of O-Antigen Serotype with the Magnitude of Initial Systemic Cytokine Responses and Persistence in the Urinary Tract.Journal of bacteriology · 2016Article
- Overlapping Podospora anserina Transcriptional Responses to Bacterial and Fungal Non Self Indicate a Multilayered Innate Immune Response.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Editorial: NLR-Protein Functions in Immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Article
- Bridging Small Molecules to Modified Bacterial Microparticles Using a Disulphide Linkage: MIS416 as a Cargo Delivery System.PloS one · 2015Article
- Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis.Military Medical Research · 2015Article
- Collaborative action of Toll-like and NOD-like receptors as modulators of the inflammatory response to pathogenic bacteria.Mediators of inflammation · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Innate immune recognition of bacteria is the first requirement for mounting an effective immune response able to control infection. Over the previous decade, the general paradigm was that extracellular bacteria were only sensed by cell surface-expressed Toll-like receptors (TLRs), whereas cytoplasmic sensors, including members of the Nod-like receptor (NLR) family, were specific to pathogens capable of breaching the host cell membrane. It has become apparent, however, that intracellular innate immune molecules, such as the NLRs, play key roles in the sensing of not only intracellular, but also extracellular bacterial pathogens or their components. In this review, we will discuss the various mechanisms used by bacteria to activate NLR signaling in host cells. These mechanisms include bacterial secretion systems, pore-forming toxins, and outer membrane vesicles. We will then focus on the influence of NLR activation on the development of adaptive immune responses in different cell types.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.