ArticleCellular microbiology2014
Circulating lethal toxin decreases the ability of neutrophils to respond to Bacillus anthracis.
Article in Cellular microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anthrax toxins exacerbate sepsis-induced coagulopathy and endothelial dysfunction in a baboon model of anthrax.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2026Article
- Anthrax lethal toxin and tumor necrosis factor-α synergize on intestinal epithelia to induce mouse death.Protein & cell · 2024Article
- The subversion of toll-like receptor signaling by bacterial and viral proteases during the development of infectious diseases.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2022Review
- Anthrax Toxin Detection: From in Vivo Studies to Diagnostic Applications.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- C3 Opsonization of Anthrax Bacterium and Peptidoglycan Supports Recognition and Activation of Neutrophils.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Assessment of Arf6 Deletion in PLB-985 Differentiated in Neutrophil-Like Cells and in Mouse Neutrophils: Impact on Adhesion and Migration.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Article
- Serum-Mediated Cleavage ofmSphere · 2018Article
- Innate Immune Interactions betweenFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Article
- In vivo dynamics of active edema and lethal factors during anthrax.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Crossing of the epithelial barriers by Bacillus anthracis: the Known and the Unknown.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- Anthrax lethal and edema toxins in anthrax pathogenesis.Trends in microbiology · 2014Review
- Article
- In trans complementation of lethal factor reveal roles in colonization and dissemination in a murine mouse model.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) play a protective role during Bacillus anthracis infection. However, B. anthracis is able to subvert the PMN response effectively as evidenced by the high mortality rates of anthrax. One major virulence factor produced by B. anthracis, lethal toxin (LT), is necessary for dissemination in the BSL2 model of mouse infection. While human and mouse PMNs kill vegetative B. anthracis, short in vitro half-lives of PMNs have made it difficult to determine how or if LT alters their bactericidal function. Additionally, the role of LT intoxication on PMN's ability to migrate to inflammatory signals remains controversial. LF concentrations in both serum and major organs were determined from mice infected with B. anthracis Sterne strain at defined stages of infection to guide subsequent administration of purified toxin. Bactericidal activity of PMNs assessed using ex vivo cell culture assays showed significant defects in killing B. anthracis. In vivo PMN recruitment to inflammatory stimuli was significantly impaired at 24 h as assessed by real-time analysis of light-producing PMNs within the mouse. The observations described above suggest that LT serves dual functions; it both attenuates accumulation of PMNs at sites of inflammation and impairs PMNs bactericidal activity against vegetative B. anthracis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.