SynthesisJAMA2013
Conjunctivitis: a systematic review of diagnosis and treatment.
Synthesis in JAMA, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 204 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
204 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 568 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic efficacy of tacrolimus in vernal keratoconjunctivitis: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of chloramphenicol, povidone-iodine 1% and 5% eye drops on the colonisation of conjunctival flora in patients undergoing cataract surgery.Ghana medical journal · 2023Trial
- The role of ozonized oil and a combination of tobramycin/dexamethasone eye drops in the treatment of viral conjunctivitis: a randomized clinical trial.International ophthalmology · 2020Trial
- Projected 24-hour post-dose ocular itching scores post-treatment with olopatadine 0.7% versus 0.2.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2018Trial
- Clinical characteristics andThe British journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Metalloantibiotic functionalized pHEMA for therapeutic contact lenses.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Review
- Asia's eye health challenge: unravelling the spread and solutions for conjunctivitis.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Beyond the Barrier: Overcoming Ocular Antimicrobial Resistance Through AI and Novel Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Diagnosis of chlamydial and gonococcal conjunctivitis: performance evaluation of a nucleic acid amplification test.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Microbiological investigation of conjunctivitis in cats and dogs from Kars, Türkiye (2024-2025): culture- and MALDI-TOF MS-based identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Diagnostic delays and sexual health integration inBMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Article
- In Vitro Bactericidal Activity of Propamidine 0.1% and Other Ophthalmic Antiseptics on Conjunctivitis and Blepharitis Strains.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Chloramphenicol Application Onto the Eyelid: Transfersomes for Enhanced Skin Delivery.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Levofloxacin/ketorolac combination versus levofloxacin alone for topically treating moderate-severe acute bacterial conjunctivitis: a randomized controlled trial.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Cefdinir reprograms Gram-positive bacteria to synergize with lysozyme against superbugs.mLife · 2026Article
- Development, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation of gatiserts: HME-based ophthalmic inserts for prolonged ocular delivery of gatifloxacin.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Current Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease at a Tertiary Cancer Center.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Air Pollution, Pollen, and Indoor Exposures in Allergic Conjunctivitis: A Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Traditional Chinese medicine-related interventions for allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis: clinical evidence, mechanistic hypotheses, and ocular surface safety considerations.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedDosage error in article text
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
importanceConjunctivitis is a common problem.
objectiveTo examine the diagnosis, management, and treatment of conjunctivitis, including various antibiotics and alternatives to antibiotic use in infectious conjunctivitis and use of antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers in allergic conjunctivitis. EVIDENCE REVIEW: A search of the literature published through March 2013, using PubMed, the ISI Web of Knowledge database, and the Cochrane Library was performed. Eligible articles were selected after review of titles, abstracts, and references.
findingsViral conjunctivitis is the most common overall cause of infectious conjunctivitis and usually does not require treatment; the signs and symptoms at presentation are variable. Bacterial conjunctivitis is the second most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis, with most uncomplicated cases resolving in 1 to 2 weeks. Mattering and adherence of the eyelids on waking, lack of itching, and absence of a history of conjunctivitis are the strongest factors associated with bacterial conjunctivitis. Topical antibiotics decrease the duration of bacterial conjunctivitis and allow earlier return to school or work. Conjunctivitis secondary to sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia and gonorrhea requires systemic treatment in addition to topical antibiotic therapy. Allergic conjunctivitis is encountered in up to 40% of the population, but only a small proportion of these individuals seek medical help; itching is the most consistent sign in allergic conjunctivitis, and treatment consists of topical antihistamines and mast cell inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The majority of cases in bacterial conjunctivitis are self-limiting and no treatment is necessary in uncomplicated cases. However, conjunctivitis caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia and conjunctivitis in contact lens wearers should be treated with antibiotics. Treatment for viral conjunctivitis is supportive. Treatment with antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers alleviates the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.