Trial reportJAMA2013
Effect of risk-reduction counseling with rapid HIV testing on risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections: the AWARE randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in JAMA, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01154296 (Project Aware), which is not on this map. Cited by 66 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Project Aware: HIV Rapid Testing & Counseling in STD Clinics in the U.S. -- an Adaptation of CTN 0032
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2021Guideline
- Change in Condom Use in Populations Newly Aware of HIV Diagnosis in the United States and Canada: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Sexual behaviour change following HIV testing services: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Economic evaluation in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network: Past, present, and future.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2020Pooled it
- Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2015Guideline
- Guideline
- The effects of regular home delivery of HIV self-testing and follow-up counselling on HIV testing and prevention outcomes in men who have sex with men who test infrequently in the United States: a pragmatic, virtual randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Trial
- Bundling Rapid Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Testing to Increase Receipt of Test Results: A Randomized Trial.Medical care · 2020Trial
- A Pilot Randomized Trial of Intervention Components Addressing Drug Use in Couples HIV Testing and Counseling (CHTC) with Male Couples.AIDS and behavior · 2019Trial
- A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial of Game Plan, A Web Application to Help Men Who Have Sex with Men Reduce Their HIV Risk and Alcohol Use.AIDS and behavior · 2019Trial
- A Pilot, Randomized Controlled Trial of HIV Self-Testing and Real-Time Post-Test Counseling/Referral on Screening and Preventative Care Among Men Who Have Sex with Men.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2018Trial
- HIV Self-Testing Increases HIV Testing Frequency in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Trial
- The incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in women attending nine sexually transmitted diseases clinics in the USA.Sexually transmitted infections · 2016Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of rapid hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing and simultaneous rapid HCV and HIV testing in substance abuse treatment programs.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2015Trial
- Positive choices: outcomes of a brief risk reduction intervention for newly HIV-diagnosed men who have sex with men.AIDS and behavior · 2014Trial
- The cost of implementing rapid HIV testing in sexually transmitted disease clinics in the United States.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2014Trial
- Review
- A Lost Opportunity to Reduce Future Risk Among Justice-Involved Young Adults Through HIV Testing and Counseling.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
Abstract
importanceTo increase human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing rates, many institutions and jurisdictions have revised policies to make the testing process rapid, simple, and routine. A major issue for testing scale-up efforts is the effectiveness of HIV risk-reduction counseling, which has historically been an integral part of the HIV testing process.
objectiveTo assess the effect of brief patient-centered risk-reduction counseling at the time of a rapid HIV test on the subsequent acquisition of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsFrom April to December 2010, Project AWARE randomized 5012 patients from 9 sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in the United States to receive either brief patient-centered HIV risk-reduction counseling with a rapid HIV test or the rapid HIV test with information only. Participants were assessed for multiple STIs at both baseline and 6-month follow-up.
interventionsParticipants randomized to counseling received individual patient-centered risk-reduction counseling based on an evidence-based model. The core elements included a focus on the patient's specific HIV/STI risk behavior and negotiation of realistic and achievable risk-reduction steps. All participants received a rapid HIV test. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The prespecified outcome was a composite end point of cumulative incidence of any of the measured STIs over 6 months. All participants were tested for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum (syphilis), herpes simplex virus 2, and HIV. Women were also tested for Trichomonas vaginalis.
resultsThere was no significant difference in 6-month composite STI incidence by study group (adjusted risk ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.94-1.33). There were 250 of 2039 incident cases (12.3%) in the counseling group and 226 of 2032 (11.1%) in the information-only group. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Risk-reduction counseling in conjunction with a rapid HIV test did not significantly affect STI acquisition among STD clinic patients, suggesting no added benefit from brief patient-centered risk-reduction counseling.
trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01154296.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.