ArticleJournal of sports science & medicine2008
Force-velocity, impulse-momentum relationships: implications for efficacy of purposefully slow resistance training.
Article in Journal of sports science & medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effect of Movement Velocity During Resistance Training on Dynamic Muscular Strength: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2017Pooled it
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- Stochastic galvanic vestibular stimulation improves kinetic performance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis during obstacle negotiation.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- A Preliminary Study on Kinetic Analysis of Ground Reaction Force and Impulse During Gait in Patients With Total Hip Replacement and Implication for Rehabilitation.Orthopaedic surgery · 2024Observational
- The Impact of Different Velocity Losses on Post-Activation Performance Enhancement (PAPE) Effects in Sprint Athletes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Determining the Relationship between Squat Jump Performance and Knee Angle in Female University Students.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Research on the effect of post-activation potentiation under different velocity loss thresholds on boxer's punching ability.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Velocity-based resistance training: do women need greater velocity loss to maximize adaptations?European journal of applied physiology · 2022Article
- Velocity-Based Resistance Training on 1-RM, Jump and Sprint Performance: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Slow-Speed Resistance Training Increases Skeletal Muscle Contractile Properties and Power Production Capacity in Elite Futsal Players.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2020Article
- The prediction of swim start performance based on squat jump force-time characteristics.PeerJ · 2020Article
- KINEMATIC AND KINETIC VARIABLES DIFFER BETWEEN KETTLEBELL SWING STYLES.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2017Article
- Divergent muscle functional and architectural responses to two successive high intensity resistance exercise sessions in competitive weightlifters and resistance trained adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2012Article
- Skeletal muscle contraction. The thorough definition of the contractile event requires both load acceleration and load mass to be known.Theoretical biology & medical modelling · 2010Article
- A load-velocity relationship for men and women in overhead throwing performance.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this brief review is to explain the mechanical relationship between impulse and momentum when resistance exercise is performed in a purposefully slow manner (PS). PS is recognized by ~10s concentric and ~4-10s eccentric actions. While several papers have reviewed the effects of PS, none has yet explained such resistance training in the context of the impulse-momentum relationship. A case study of normal versus PS back squats was also performed. An 85kg man performed both normal speed (3 sec eccentric action and maximal acceleration concentric action) and PS back squats over a several loads. Normal speed back squats produced both greater peak and mean propulsive forces than PS action when measured across all loads. However, TUT was greatly increased in the PS condition, with values fourfold greater than maximal acceleration repetitions. The data and explanation herein point to superior forces produced by the neuromuscular system via traditional speed training indicating a superior modality for inducing neuromuscular adaptation. Key pointsAs velocity approaches zero, propulsive force approaches zero, therefore slow moving objects only require force approximately equal to the weight of the resistance.As mass is constant during resistance training, a greater impulse will result in a greater velocity.The inferior propulsive forces accompanying purposefully slow training suggest other methods of resistance training have a greater potential for adaptation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24149464PMC3761460What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.