Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24148924›Full record

ArticleNeurotoxicology2014

Components of air pollution and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults in Los Angeles.

Nicole M Gatto, Victor W Henderson, Howard N Hodis, Jan A St John, Fred Lurmann, Jiu-Chiuan Chen, Wendy J Mack

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurotoxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
127citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

127 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 289 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Air pollution and depression symptoms in middle-aged and older adults in Los Angeles County.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. The Intersection of Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors in Aging: Insights from a Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Review
  18. Neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with multiple cognitive domains in a community sample of older adults.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Age- and ApoE Genotype-Dependent Transcriptomic Responses to OInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article

67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Nicole M GattoDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Population Medicine, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA. Electronic address: ngatto@llu.edu.
Victor W HendersonDepartment of Health Research & Policy (Epidemiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Howard N HodisDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jan A St JohnDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Fred LurmannSonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, CA, USA.
Jiu-Chiuan ChenDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Wendy J MackDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Keck Hospital of USC · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USLoma Linda University · USSonoma Technology (United States) · USStanford University · US

Funding

University of Hawaii Cancer Center CCSGP30CA071789 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI Xin Chen · 1996 to 2026
$56.2M
VASCULAR RISK AND COGNITIVE STATUS IN A LATINO POPULATIONP50AG005142 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI ARANDA, MARIA P. · 1985 to 2019
$41.0M
Biologic Response of Menopausal Women to 17B-EstradiolR01AG024154 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI HODIS, HOWARD NEIL · 2004 to 2012
$13.8M
RESEARCH TRAINING IN GERONTOLOGYT32AG000037 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI JENNIFER A AILSHIRE, EILEEN M CRIMMINS · 1985 to 2026
$13.2M
Phytoestrogens/Progression of Atherosclerosis SUPPLEMENTU01AT001653 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI HODIS, HOWARD NEIL · 2003 to 2008
$9.2M
SUPPLEMENT B-Vitamin Atherosclerosis Intervention TrialR01AG017160 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI HODIS, HOWARD N · 2000 to 2004
$7.9M
NCCIH NIH HHS U01 AT001653NCCIH NIH HHS U01AT-001653NCI NIH HHS P30 CA071789NCI NIH HHS P30CA-71789NIA NIH HHS 5-T32-AG00037NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005142NIA NIH HHS P50 AG05142NIA NIH HHS R01 AG017160NIA NIH HHS R01 AG024154NIA NIH HHS R01AG-024154NIA NIH HHS R01AG-17160NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000037
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While experiments in animals demonstrate neurotoxic effects of particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O3), epidemiologic evidence is sparse regarding the relationship between different constituencies of air pollution mixtures and cognitive function in adults. We examined cross-sectional associations between various ambient air pollutants [O3, PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)] and six measures of cognitive function and global cognition among healthy, cognitively intact individuals (n=1496, mean age 60.5 years) residing in the Los Angeles Basin. Air pollution exposures were assigned to each residential address in 2000-06 using a geographic information system that included monitoring data. A neuropsychological battery was used to assess cognitive function; a principal components analysis defined six domain-specific functions and a measure of global cognitive function was created. Regression models estimated effects of air pollutants on cognitive function, adjusting for age, gender, race, education, income, study and mood. Increasing exposure to PM2.5 was associated with lower verbal learning (β=-0.32 per 10 μg/m(3) PM2.5, 95% CI=-0.63, 0.00; p=0.05). Ambient exposure to NO2 >20 ppb tended to be associated with lower logical memory. Compared to the lowest level of exposure to ambient O3, exposure above 49 ppb was associated with lower executive function. Including carotid artery intima-media thickness, a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, in models as a possible mediator did not attenuate effect estimates. This study provides support for cross-sectional associations between increasing levels of ambient O3, PM2.5 and NO2 and measures of domain-specific cognitive abilities.

Indexed as

Air PollutantsAir PollutionCognitionEnvironmental ExposureFemaleHumansLos AngelesMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsNitrogen DioxideOzoneParticulate MatterAir PollutantsNitrogen DioxideOzoneParticulate MatterAir pollutionCognitive dysfunctionDementiaOzoneParticulate matterVerbal learning

Identifiers

PMID24148924
PMCPMC3946571
OpenAlexW1991346214

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.