ArticlePloS one2013
Bitter melon reduces head and neck squamous cell carcinoma growth by targeting c-Met signaling.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural Products as Modulators of the DNA Damage Response and Oncogenic Signaling in Breast Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Understanding the Tumor Microenvironment and Therapy Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cells · 2025Review
- Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Frontier in Cancer Therapeutics.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Network pharmacology: an efficient but underutilized approach in oral, head and neck cancer therapy-a review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Modulation of PD‑L1 expression by standard therapy in head and neck cancer cell lines and exosomes.International journal of oncology · 2023Article
- Article
- Myeloid cell leukemia-1 expression in cancers of the oral cavity: a scoping review.Cancer cell international · 2022Article
- Bitter melon derived extracellular vesicles enhance the therapeutic effects and reduce the drug resistance of 5-fluorouracil on oral squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2021Article
- Article
- Diverse roles of bitter melon (Journal of cancer metastasis and treatment · 2021Article
- Phytochemicals as Potential Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeutic Agents for Emerging Human Papillomavirus-Driven Head and Neck Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Prospects.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Bitter Melon (Cancers · 2020Review
- miRNA-29b Inhibits Prostate Tumor Growth and Induces Apoptosis by Increasing Bim Expression.Cells · 2019Article
- Inhibition of the key metabolic pathways, glycolysis and lipogenesis, of oral cancer by bitter melon extract.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2019Article
- A Review of Promising Natural Chemopreventive Agents for Head and Neck Cancer.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2018Review
- Bitter Melon Prevents the Development of 4-NQO-Induced Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in an Immunocompetent Mouse Model by Modulating Immune Signaling.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2018Article
- Bitter melon extract inhibits breast cancer growth in preclinical model by inducing autophagic cell death.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Supplementation with Hualian No. 4 wild bitter gourd (Momordica charantia Linn. var. abbreviata ser.) extract increases anti-fatigue activities and enhances exercise performance in mice.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2017Article
- Involvement of c-Fos in the Promotion of Cancer Stem-like Cell Properties in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Article
- Bitter Melon Enhances Natural Killer-Mediated Toxicity against Head and Neck Cancer Cells.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains difficult to treat, and despite of advances in treatment, the overall survival rate has only modestly improved over the past several years. Thus, there is an urgent need for additional therapeutic modalities. We hypothesized that treatment of HNSCC cells with a dietary product such as bitter melon extract (BME) modulates multiple signaling pathways and regresses HNSCC tumor growth in a preclinical model. We observed a reduced cell proliferation in HNSCC cell lines. The mechanistic studies reveal that treatment of BME in HNSCC cells inhibited c-Met signaling pathway. We also observed that BME treatment in HNSCC reduced phosphoStat3, c-myc and Mcl-1 expression, downstream signaling molecules of c-Met. Furthermore, BME treatment in HNSCC cells modulated the expression of key cell cycle progression molecules leading to halted cell growth. Finally, BME feeding in mice bearing HNSCC xenograft tumor resulted in an inhibition of tumor growth and c-Met expression. Together, our results suggested that BME treatment in HNSCC cells modulates multiple signaling pathways and may have therapeutic potential for treating HNSCC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.