ArticlePloS one2013
Effects of Helicobacter suis γ-glutamyl transpeptidase on lymphocytes: modulation by glutamine and glutathione supplementation and outer membrane vesicles as a putative delivery route of the enzyme.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles in Tumor Development: Facts, Potential Applications and Future Perspectives.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Hsp60-Bearing Exosomes inCells · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in Helicobacter pylori-mediated diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Review
- Both extracellular vesicles from helicobacter pylori-infected cells and helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles are involved in gastric/extragastric diseases.European journal of medical research · 2023Review
- Regulated necrosis, a proinflammatory cell death, potentially counteracts pathogenic infections.Cell death & disease · 2022Review
- Gut microbiome-produced metabolites in pigs: a review on their biological functions and the influence of probiotics.Journal of animal science and technology · 2022Review
- Gastric Helicobacter species associated with dogs, cats and pigs: significance for public and animal health.Veterinary research · 2022Review
- Review
- Prevalence of non Helicobacter pylori gastric Helicobacters in Iranian dyspeptic patients.BMC gastroenterology · 2020Article
- Transcytosis of Bacillus subtilis extracellular vesicles through an in vitro intestinal epithelial cell model.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase expression by Helicobacter saguini, an enterohepatic Helicobacter species isolated from cotton top tamarins with chronic colitis.Cellular microbiology · 2019Article
- Direct Manipulation of T Lymphocytes by Proteins of Gastrointestinal Bacterial Pathogens.Infection and immunity · 2018Review
- Role of microRNAs and Exosomes inFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Extracellular RNAs: A Secret Arm of Immune System Regulation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Review
- Oral glutathione supplementation drastically reduces Helicobacter-induced gastric pathologies.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Exosomes as nanocarriers for systemic delivery of the Helicobacter pylori virulence factor CagA.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Glutamine-Induced Secretion of Intestinal Secretory Immunoglobulin A: A Mechanistic Perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- The effect of glutamine intake on complications of colorectal and colon cancer treatment: A systematic review.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2015Review
- Role of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter suis and Helicobacter pylori infections.Veterinary research · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Helicobacter (H.) suis colonizes the stomach of the majority of pigs as well as a minority of humans worldwide. Infection causes chronic inflammation in the stomach of the host, however without an effective clearance of the bacteria. Currently, no information is available about possible mechanisms H. suis utilizes to interfere with the host immune response. This study describes the effect on various lymphocytes of the γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) from H. suis. Compared to whole cell lysate from wild-type H. suis, lysate from a H. suis ggt mutant strain showed a decrease of the capacity to inhibit Jurkat T cell proliferation. Incubation of Jurkat T cells with recombinantly expressed H. suis GGT resulted in an impaired proliferation, and cell death was shown to be involved. A similar but more pronounced inhibitory effect was also seen on primary murine CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, and CD19(+) B cells. Supplementation with known GGT substrates was able to modulate the observed effects. Glutamine restored normal proliferation of the cells, whereas supplementation with reduced glutathione strengthened the H. suis GGT-mediated inhibition of proliferation. H. suis GGT treatment abolished secretion of IL-4 and IL-17 by CD4(+) T cells, without affecting secretion of IFN-γ. Finally, H. suis outer membrane vesicles (OMV) were identified as a possible delivery route of H. suis GGT to lymphocytes residing in the deeper mucosal layers. Thus far, this study is the first to report that the effects on lymphocytes of this enzyme, not only important for H. suis metabolism but also for that of other Helicobacter species, depend on the degradation of two specific substrates: glutamine and reduced glutatione. This will provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of H. suis infection in particular and infection with gastric helicobacters in general.
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