ArticlePloS one2013
Adherence as a predictor of the development of class-specific resistance mutations: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- First-line antiretroviral therapy with nevirapine versus lopinavir-ritonavir based regimens in a resource-limited setting.AIDS (London, England) · 2014Trial
- Prevalence of and Time to Suboptimal Treatment Patterns Among People with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2026Observational
- Treatment of Advanced HIV in the Modern Era.Drugs · 2025Review
- Impact of Low-Frequency Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance Mutations on Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Virological Non-Suppression, Non-Adherence and the Associated Factors Among People Living with HIV on Dolutegravir-Based Regimens: A Retrospective Cohort Study.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Development and In-House Validation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and a Lateral Flow Immunoassay for the Dosage of Tenofovir in Human Saliva.Biosensors · 2023Article
- Genomic Sequencing Profiles ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Review
- The risk of drug resistance during long-acting antimicrobial therapy.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Factors associated with HIV-1 resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors in Spain: Implications for dolutegravir-containing regimens.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Comparing mutational pathways to lopinavir resistance in HIV-1 subtypes B versus C.PLoS computational biology · 2021Article
- Association of Incomplete Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy With Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Virologically Suppressed Persons With HIV: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- HIV-1 re-suppression on a first-line regimen despite the presence of phenotypic drug resistance.PloS one · 2020Article
- Associations between baseline characteristics, CD4 cell count response and virological failure on first-line efavirenz + tenofovir + emtricitabine for HIV.Journal of virus eradication · 2019Article
- Antiretroviral Adherence Level Necessary for HIV Viral Suppression Using Real-World Data.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Pharmacy Data as an Alternative Data Source for Implementation of a Data to Care Strategy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Article
- Global research output on HIV/AIDS-related medication adherence from 1980 to 2017.BMC health services research · 2018Article
- Effect of immediate initiation of antiretroviral treatment on the risk of acquired HIV drug resistance.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
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14 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundNon-adherence is one of the strongest predictors of therapeutic failure in HIV-positive patients. Virologic failure with subsequent emergence of resistance reduces future treatment options and long-term clinical success.
methodsProspective observational cohort study including patients starting new class of antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 2003 and 2010. Participants were naïve to ART class and completed ≥1 adherence questionnaire prior to resistance testing. Outcomes were development of any IAS-USA, class-specific, or M184V mutations. Associations between adherence and resistance were estimated using logistic regression models stratified by ART class.
resultsOf 314 included individuals, 162 started NNRTI and 152 a PI/r regimen. Adherence was similar between groups with 85% reporting adherence ≥95%. Number of new mutations increased with increasing non-adherence. In NNRTI group, multivariable models indicated a significant linear association in odds of developing IAS-USA (odds ratio (OR) 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-2.67) or class-specific (OR 1.65, 95% CI: 1.00-2.70) mutations. Levels of drug resistance were considerably lower in PI/r group and adherence was only significantly associated with M184V mutations (OR 8.38, 95% CI: 1.26-55.70). Adherence was significantly associated with HIV RNA in PI/r but not NNRTI regimens.
conclusionTherapies containing PI/r appear more forgiving to incomplete adherence compared with NNRTI regimens, which allow higher levels of resistance, even with adherence above 95%. However, in failing PI/r regimens good adherence may prevent accumulation of further resistance mutations and therefore help to preserve future drug options. In contrast, adherence levels have little impact on NNRTI treatments once the first mutations have emerged.
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