ArticlePloS one2013
Tuberculosis transmission among immigrants and autochthonous populations of the eastern province of Saudi Arabia.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- TB Incidence Trends in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia within the GCC, EMR, and MENA Regions, to Achieve the WHO and UN's SDG End TB Strategy Targets.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Observational
- Effects of migration on tuberculosis epidemiological indicators in low and medium tuberculosis incidence countries: A systematic review.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2021Article
- The Relevance of Genomic Epidemiology for Control of Tuberculosis in West Africa.Frontiers in public health · 2021Review
- Demographic risk factors for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents and adults in Saudi Arabia.PloS one · 2019Article
- Impact of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex lineages as a determinant of disease phenotypes from an immigrant rich moderate tuberculosis burden country.Respiratory research · 2018Article
- Role of Molecular Epidemiology on Tuberculosis Control in the Middle East Countries: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tanaffos · 2018Article
- Determining the Risk of Intra-Community Transmission of Tuberculosis in the Northwest of Iran Through 15 Loci Miru-Vntr Typing.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2017Article
- Burden of Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Among New Cases in Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2017Article
- Methodological and Clinical Aspects of the Molecular Epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Other Mycobacteria.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2016Review
- Article
- Correlation between Resistin, Tuberculosis and Khat Addiction: A Study from South Western Province of Saudi Arabia.PloS one · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundEastern province of Saudi Arabia is an industrial zone with large immigrant population and high level of tuberculosis case notification among immigrants. The impact of immigration and current trends of tuberculosis transmission among immigrants and autochthonous population in the region had not been investigated so far using molecular tools. METHODOLOGY: During 2009- 2011, a total of 524 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were collected from the central tuberculosis reference laboratory, representing an estimated 79.2% of the culture-positive tuberculosis cases over the study period in the province. These isolates were genotyped by using 24 locus-based MIRU-VNTR typing and spoligotyping followed by first line drug susceptibility testing. The molecular clustering profiles and phylogenetic diversity of isolates were determined and compared to the geographical origins of the patients. PRINCIPLE
findingsGenotyping showed an overall predominance of Delhi/CAS (29.4%), EAI (23.8%) and Ghana (13.3%) lineages, with slightly higher proportions of Delhi/CAS among autochthonous population (33.3 %) and EAI (30.9%) among immigrants. Rate of any drug resistance was 20.2% with 2.5% of multi-drug resistance. Strain cluster analysis indicated 42 clusters comprising 210 isolates, resulting in a calculated recent transmission index of 32.1%. Overall shared cluster ratio was 78.6% while 75.8% were shared between autochthonous population and immigrant population with a predominance of immigrants from South east Asia (40.7%). In contrast, cross national transmission within the immigrant population was limited (24.2%). Younger age (15-30- p value-0.043, 16-45, p value 0.030), Saudi nationality (p value-0.004) and South East Asian origin (p value-0.011) were identified as significant predisposing factors for molecular strain clustering.
conclusionsThe high proportion of molecular clusters shared among the autochthonous and immigrant populations suggests a high permeability of tuberculosis transmission between both populations in the province. These results prompt for the need to strengthen the current tuberculosis control strategies and surveillance programs.
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