ArticlePLoS genetics2013
A minimal nitrogen fixation gene cluster from Paenibacillus sp. WLY78 enables expression of active nitrogenase in Escherichia coli.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 81 papers.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bag-controlled low-nitrogen fertilization induces root arbutin secretion to enrich rhizosphere Pseudomonas and enhance nitrogen fixation in peach.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Genome Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Sulfide-Oxidizing Heliobacterium "Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Enhancement of Nitrogenase Activity in Recombinant Escherichia coli by Replacing Upstream Region of nif Operon from Paenibacillus Species.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Article
- Unlocking associative nitrogen fixation in Poaceae: molecular mechanisms, regulatory constraints, and pathways to sustainable productivity.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Modification of nifL-nifA operon of Klebsiella oxytoca improves NArchives of microbiology · 2025Article
- Regulation of the Ald gene encoding alanine dehydrogenase and its induction of ammonium-tolerant nitrogen fixation in Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78.Microbial cell factories · 2025Article
- Heterologous Expression of the Nitrogen-Fixing Gene Cluster fromMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Investigation of themBio · 2025Article
- Carmna: classification and regression models for nitrogenase activity based on a pretrained large protein language model.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Unveiling the genetic basis of biochemical pathways of plant growth promotion inCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Iron-molybdenum cofactor synthesis by a thermophilic nitrogenase devoid of the scaffold NifEN.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Ammonia synthesis via an engineered nitrogenase assembly pathway inNature catalysis · 2024Article
- Article
- On the Shoulders of Giants-Reaching for Nitrogenase.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Heterologous synthesis of the complex homometallic cores of nitrogenase P- and M-clusters inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Glutamine synthetase and GlnR regulate nitrogen metabolism inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- CarnivorousApplied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Biological nitrogen fixation in cereal crops: Progress, strategies, and perspectives.Plant communications · 2023Review
- Genome-wide mapping of GlnR-binding sites reveals the global regulatory role of GlnR in controlling the metabolism of nitrogen and carbon in Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Molecular Mechanism and Agricultural Application of the NifA-NifL System for Nitrogen Fixation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedLiu, Zhangzhi [corrected to Liu, Zhanzhi]
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Most biological nitrogen fixation is catalyzed by molybdenum-dependent nitrogenase, an enzyme complex comprising two component proteins that contains three different metalloclusters. Diazotrophs contain a common core of nitrogen fixation nif genes that encode the structural subunits of the enzyme and components required to synthesize the metalloclusters. However, the complement of nif genes required to enable diazotrophic growth varies significantly amongst nitrogen fixing bacteria and archaea. In this study, we identified a minimal nif gene cluster consisting of nine nif genes in the genome of Paenibacillus sp. WLY78, a gram-positive, facultative anaerobe isolated from the rhizosphere of bamboo. We demonstrate that the nif genes in this organism are organized as an operon comprising nifB, nifH, nifD, nifK, nifE, nifN, nifX, hesA and nifV and that the nif cluster is under the control of a σ(70) (σ(A))-dependent promoter located upstream of nifB. To investigate genetic requirements for diazotrophy, we transferred the Paenibacillus nif cluster to Escherichia coli. The minimal nif gene cluster enables synthesis of catalytically active nitrogenase in this host, when expressed either from the native nifB promoter or from the T7 promoter. Deletion analysis indicates that in addition to the core nif genes, hesA plays an important role in nitrogen fixation and is responsive to the availability of molybdenum. Whereas nif transcription in Paenibacillus is regulated in response to nitrogen availability and by the external oxygen concentration, transcription from the nifB promoter is constitutive in E. coli, indicating that negative regulation of nif transcription is bypassed in the heterologous host. This study demonstrates the potential for engineering nitrogen fixation in a non-nitrogen fixing organism with a minimum set of nine nif genes.
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