ArticlePLoS genetics2013
Specific tandem repeats are sufficient for paramutation-induced trans-generational silencing.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methylated memories mechanism, evidence, and skepticism in plant transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.Protoplasma · 2026Review
- Technologies for engineering repetitive DNA.Quantitative biology (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Design and Testing of Root-Specific Synthetic Promoters by Machine Learning.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Identification of Proteins Associated with Stably Integrated MaizePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Enhancers in Plant Development, Adaptation and Evolution.Plant & cell physiology · 2025Review
- Ectopic enhancer-enhancer interactions as causal forces driving RNA-directed DNA methylation in gene regulatory regions.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Potent pollen gene regulation by DNA glycosylases in maize.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Identification of Highly Repetitive Enhancers with Long-range Regulation Potential in Barley via STARR-seq.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2024Article
- RNA-directed DNA methylation mutants reduce histone methylation at the paramutated maize booster1 enhancer.Plant physiology · 2024Article
- Paramutation at the maize pl1 locus is associated with RdDM activity at distal tandem repeats.PLoS genetics · 2024Article
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- Cis-regulatory sequences in plants: Their importance, discovery, and future challenges.The Plant cell · 2022Review
- Article
- Polyploidy-associated paramutation in Arabidopsis is determined by small RNAs, temperature, and allele structure.PLoS genetics · 2021Article
- Locus-specific paramutation in Zea mays is maintained by a PICKLE-like chromodomain helicase DNA-binding 3 protein controlling development and male gametophyte function.PLoS genetics · 2020Article
- Genetic control of non-genetic inheritance in mammals: state-of-the-art and perspectives.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2020Review
- Insights Into Genetic and Molecular Elements for Transgenic Crop Development.Frontiers in plant science · 2020Article
- Molecular mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance: Possible evolutionary implications.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2020Review
- Exploring the extent and scope of epigenetic inheritance.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Paramutation is a well-studied epigenetic phenomenon in which trans communication between two different alleles leads to meiotically heritable transcriptional silencing of one of the alleles. Paramutation at the b1 locus involves RNA-mediated transcriptional silencing and requires specific tandem repeats that generate siRNAs. This study addressed three important questions: 1) are the tandem repeats sufficient for paramutation, 2) do they need to be in an allelic position to mediate paramutation, and 3) is there an association between the ability to mediate paramutation and repeat DNA methylation levels? Paramutation was achieved using multiple transgenes containing the b1 tandem repeats, including events with tandem repeats of only one half of the repeat unit (413 bp), demonstrating that these sequences are sufficient for paramutation and an allelic position is not required for the repeats to communicate. Furthermore, the transgenic tandem repeats increased the expression of a reporter gene in maize, demonstrating the repeats contain transcriptional regulatory sequences. Transgene-mediated paramutation required the mediator of paramutation1 gene, which is necessary for endogenous paramutation, suggesting endogenous and transgene-mediated paramutation both require an RNA-mediated transcriptional silencing pathway. While all tested repeat transgenes produced small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), not all transgenes induced paramutation suggesting that, as with endogenous alleles, siRNA production is not sufficient for paramutation. The repeat transgene-induced silencing was less efficiently transmitted than silencing induced by the repeats of endogenous b1 alleles, which is always 100% efficient. The variability in the strength of the repeat transgene-induced silencing enabled testing whether the extent of DNA methylation within the repeats correlated with differences in efficiency of paramutation. Transgene-induced paramutation does not require extensive DNA methylation within the transgene. However, increased DNA methylation within the endogenous b1 repeats after transgene-induced paramutation was associated with stronger silencing of the endogenous allele.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.